The Social Implications of the Use of Informational Communication Technologies by Women in Rural Towns in Morocco

This thesis explores the relationship between women and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in non-Western contexts, explicitly focusing on North African communities, particularly Akka Ighane in Tata, Morocco. The research integrates perspectives from sociology, anthropology, and media studies to analyze how ICT influences women's roles and societal engagement in a traditionally patriarchal setting. Chapter 1 discusses existing literature and frameworks, providing a sociological, anthropological, and media studies overview of women's interaction with ICT in African and similar contexts. It also offers a detailed examination of the historical and socio-cultural landscape of Akka Ighane, establishing a foundation for understanding local dynamics. The methodology, outlined in Chapter 2, employs qualitative techniques, including interviews and participatory observations, to gather insights while ensuring ethical standards and data confidentiality. Chapter 3 traces the evolution of ICT and assesses its role in shifting economic opportunities and social transformation for women in the region. It discusses how digital tools have facilitated new economic pathways and altered social structures. Chapter 4, titled "Digital Empowerment," delves into the specific impacts of ICT on education, economic empowerment, entrepreneurship, and social engagement, highlighting the nuanced changes in gender dynamics within the community. It also considers community and cultural transformations catalyzed by increased digital engagement. The final chapter, Chapter 5, addresses the challenges and opportunities of integrating ICT in a culturally complex environment like Morocco. It reviews the cultural norms affecting ICT adoption, economic resilience, educational strategies, and the role of international organizations and donors. The thesis concludes by discussing sustainability, environmental considerations, and future research directions, emphasizing the transformative potential of ICT for women's empowerment in Akka Ighane and similar contexts. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted impacts of ICT on women's empowerment in a non-Western context, offering implications for policymakers, educators, and international development organizations aiming to support gender equality through technological advancements.