This thesis aims to examine the intrinsic limits of human freedom through the lens of Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialist philosophy, particularly in his work "L'Être et le Néant". Through a thorough analysis of Sartrean ontology, the crucial distinction between being-in-itself and being-for-itself is explored, and how this distinction informs our understanding of individual freedom. Furthermore, the concept of bad faith is examined, which refers to voluntary self-deception that prevents individuals from taking full responsibility for their choices. Through an analysis of authenticity, the possibilities and ways in which individuals can overcome bad faith and embrace their existential freedom genuinely are investigated. Finally, the role of interpersonal relationships in the experience of freedom is examined, focusing on how relationships influence and shape our understanding of ourselves and others within a world permeated by freedom and the absence of intrinsic meaning. We will then delve into the ethical dilemmas that seemingly may have led Sartre to a change of perspective in the last phase of his life. Through this research, fundamental questions about the nature and limits of human freedom emerge, offering significant insights for philosophical reflection and critical analysis of our being in the world.
Questa tesi si propone di esaminare i limiti intrinseci della libertà umana attraverso le pagine della filosofia esistenzialista di Jean-Paul Sartre, specie in quelle di “l’essere e il nulla”. Attraverso un'analisi approfondita dell'ontologia sartriana, si esplora la distinzione cruciale tra l'essere in sé e l'essere per sé, e come questa distinzione informi la nostra comprensione della libertà individuale. Si esamina inoltre il concetto di malafede, ossia l'auto-inganno volontario che impedisce agli individui di assumersi la piena responsabilità delle proprie scelte. Attraverso l'analisi dell'autenticità, si indagano le possibilità ed eventualmente i modi in cui gli individui possono superare la malafede e abbracciare la loro libertà esistenziale in modo genuino. Infine, si esamina il ruolo dei rapporti interpersonali nell'esperienza della libertà, concentrandosi su come le relazioni influenzino e modellino la nostra comprensione di noi stessi e degli altri all'interno di un mondo permeato dalla libertà e dall'assenza di un significato intrinseco. Ci soffermeremo quindi sui dilemmi etici che, apparentemente, potrebbero aver portato Sartre ad un cambio di prospettiva nell’ultima fase di vita. Attraverso questa ricerca, emergono interrogativi fondamentali sulla natura e i limiti della libertà umana, offrendo spunti significativi per una riflessione filosofica e un'analisi critica del nostro essere nel mondo.
Ai limiti della libertà. Un'indagine esistenziale attraverso la filosofia di Jean-Paul Sartre
BIANCHINI, FRANCESCO SAVERIO
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis aims to examine the intrinsic limits of human freedom through the lens of Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialist philosophy, particularly in his work "L'Être et le Néant". Through a thorough analysis of Sartrean ontology, the crucial distinction between being-in-itself and being-for-itself is explored, and how this distinction informs our understanding of individual freedom. Furthermore, the concept of bad faith is examined, which refers to voluntary self-deception that prevents individuals from taking full responsibility for their choices. Through an analysis of authenticity, the possibilities and ways in which individuals can overcome bad faith and embrace their existential freedom genuinely are investigated. Finally, the role of interpersonal relationships in the experience of freedom is examined, focusing on how relationships influence and shape our understanding of ourselves and others within a world permeated by freedom and the absence of intrinsic meaning. We will then delve into the ethical dilemmas that seemingly may have led Sartre to a change of perspective in the last phase of his life. Through this research, fundamental questions about the nature and limits of human freedom emerge, offering significant insights for philosophical reflection and critical analysis of our being in the world.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/68983