This thesis focuses on the characterization and analysis of electromyographic (EMG) signals during gait in children with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). Fragile X Syndrome, also known as Martin-Bell Syndrome, is one of the most common hereditary genetic disorders, caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene. This mutation leads to processes such as methylation, transcriptional silencing, and the near-total absence of the FMRP protein. The primary goal of this thesis is to extract variables useful for clinical evaluation. The research is divided into two main sections: a clinical section and a methodological section. In the clinical section, children with Fragile X Syndrome were selected and tracked using Track on Field. For the methodological section, two codes were modified: one for static subtraction and the other for spectral analysis. Specifically, in the first part, the static frame was subtracted from the right and left angles using the '2D angle calculation' code and the 'findms' function. This process allowed the saving of both right and left angles without the static component for the knee and hip in an Excel file, as well as saving the trial data, the chosen frame, and the static value in a txt file. Finally, a .mat file containing the angles without the static component was generated. In the second part, the objective was to process the sEMG signals acquired from subjects with Fragile X Syndrome in the time-frequency domain, analyzing the instantaneous mean frequency and the energy content in the frequency bands. Using a specially developed MATLAB code, the EMG data were loaded, processed, and prepared for further analysis. The initial data were imported from files with .tdf or .c3d extensions. [ in progress..] Through the implementation of these methods, this thesis aims to provide more detailed and comprehensive evaluation tools, improving the ability to discern significant differences between study groups. The combined approach of methodological and clinical analysis offers new perspectives for understanding the motor and muscular characteristics of children with Fragile X Syndrome, potentially contributing to improved clinical and therapeutic intervention strategies.
Questa tesi si concentra sulla caratterizzazione e analisi del segnale elettromiografico (EMG) durante il cammino nei bambini affetti da sindrome di X fragile. La sindrome di X fragile, conosciuta anche come sindrome di Martin-Bell, è una delle malattie genetiche ereditarie più diffuse, causata da una mutazione del gene FMR1. Questa mutazione provoca processi come la metilazione, il silenziamento trascrizionale e la quasi totale assenza della proteina FMRP. L'obiettivo principale di questa tesi è l'estrazione di variabili utili per la valutazione clinica. La ricerca è suddivisa in due sezioni principali: una clinica e una metodologica. Nella parte clinica, sono stati selezionati bambini affetti da sindrome di X fragile ed è stato eseguito il tracking tramite Track on Field. Per quanto riguarda invece la parte metodologica, sono stati modificati due codici: uno per la sottrazione della statica e l’altro per l’analisi spettrale. In particolare, nella prima parte è stata effettuata la sottrazione del frame di statica dagli angoli destri e sinistri, utilizzando il codice 'calcolo angoli 2D' e la funzione 'findms'. Questo processo ha permesso di salvare gli angoli sia destri sia sinistri senza la componente statica sia per il ginocchio sia per l'anca in un file Excel, oltre a salvare in un file txt i dati del trial, del frame scelto e del valore di statica. Infine, è stato generato un file .mat contenente gli angoli senza statica. Nella seconda parte invece, l'obiettivo era elaborare i segnali sEMG acquisiti dai soggetti con sindrome di X fragile nel dominio tempo-frequenza, analizzando la frequenza media istantanea e il contenuto energetico nelle bande di frequenza. Utilizzando un codice MATLAB appositamente sviluppato, i dati EMG sono stati caricati, processati e preparati per analisi successive. I dati iniziali sono stati importati da file con estensioni .tdf o .c3d. [in aggiornamento] Attraverso l'implementazione di questi metodi, la tesi mira a fornire strumenti di valutazione più dettagliati e completi, migliorando la capacità di discernere differenze significative tra i gruppi di studio. L'approccio combinato di analisi metodologica e clinica offre nuove prospettive per la comprensione delle caratteristiche motorie e muscolari dei bambini con sindrome di X fragile, contribuendo potenzialmente a migliorare le strategie di intervento clinico e terapeutico.
Caratterizzazione e analisi del segnale elettromiografico durante il cammino in bambini affetti da sindrome di X fragile
MARINO, VALENTINA ALICE
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis focuses on the characterization and analysis of electromyographic (EMG) signals during gait in children with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). Fragile X Syndrome, also known as Martin-Bell Syndrome, is one of the most common hereditary genetic disorders, caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene. This mutation leads to processes such as methylation, transcriptional silencing, and the near-total absence of the FMRP protein. The primary goal of this thesis is to extract variables useful for clinical evaluation. The research is divided into two main sections: a clinical section and a methodological section. In the clinical section, children with Fragile X Syndrome were selected and tracked using Track on Field. For the methodological section, two codes were modified: one for static subtraction and the other for spectral analysis. Specifically, in the first part, the static frame was subtracted from the right and left angles using the '2D angle calculation' code and the 'findms' function. This process allowed the saving of both right and left angles without the static component for the knee and hip in an Excel file, as well as saving the trial data, the chosen frame, and the static value in a txt file. Finally, a .mat file containing the angles without the static component was generated. In the second part, the objective was to process the sEMG signals acquired from subjects with Fragile X Syndrome in the time-frequency domain, analyzing the instantaneous mean frequency and the energy content in the frequency bands. Using a specially developed MATLAB code, the EMG data were loaded, processed, and prepared for further analysis. The initial data were imported from files with .tdf or .c3d extensions. [ in progress..] Through the implementation of these methods, this thesis aims to provide more detailed and comprehensive evaluation tools, improving the ability to discern significant differences between study groups. The combined approach of methodological and clinical analysis offers new perspectives for understanding the motor and muscular characteristics of children with Fragile X Syndrome, potentially contributing to improved clinical and therapeutic intervention strategies.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/73729