By studying and comparing primary sources, this study explores the history of the loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) in Europe between the mid-17th century and the early 19th century, tracing the species’ journey from East Asia through key figures in botanical history, trade companies, botanic gardens, and colonial networks. Chapter One investigates European encounters with the loquat in the 17th and 18th centuries, beginning with Michał Piotr Boym (1612-1659)’s documentation of the species in China and continuing with the work of Leonard Plukenet (1642-1706), Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716), and Carl Peter Thunberg (1743-1828), whose classification Mespilus japonica cemented the loquat’s association with Japan, and João de Loureiro (1710-1791). This study analyzes how differing observations by Thunberg and Loureiro led to different classifications of the plant, highlighting challenges in the Linnaean system of taxonomy. Chapter Two shifts the focus to the loquat’s introduction to Europe through two major paths. Sir Joseph Banks acquired the species for Kew Gardens in 1787 from Canton; conflicting information exists on the year of the loquat’s introduction to France, but this study establishes that the loquat was likely first introduced from Canton to Mauritius in 1768 or 1769, and from the island to Paris in 1788. As the notions of the exotic and the indigenous emerged in early modern Europe, possession of the loquat as well as numerous other “exotic” plants in their gardens served as a symbol of status for European elites. The loquat gradually spread across Europe, appearing Italy in 1812 in both Piedmont and Naples. Finally, in 1821 John Lindley reclassified the species from Mespilus japonica to Eriobotrya japonica. This study provides an overview of how cross-continental botanical exchange shaped the loquat’s integration into knowledge systems and natural environments in Europe.
Attraverso l’analisi e il confronto di fonti primarie, questo studio esplora la storia del nespolo del Giappone (Eriobotrya japonica) in Europa tra la metà del XVII secolo e l’inizio del XIX secolo, ripercorrendo il viaggio della specie dall’Asia orientale attraverso figure chiave della botanica, compagnie commerciali, orti botanici e reti coloniali. Il primo capitolo analizza le prime nozioni sulla pianta che hanno raggiunto l’Europa nel XVII e XVIII secolo, grazie alla documentazione di Michał Piotr Boym (1612-1659) sulla specie in Cina e al lavoro di Leonard Plukenet (1642-1706), Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716) e Carl Peter Thunberg (1743-1828), la cui classificazione Mespilus japonica ha rafforzato l’associazione della pianta con il Giappone, e João de Loureiro (1710-1791). Questo studio analizza come le diverse osservazioni di Thunberg e Loureiro abbiano portato a diverse classificazioni della pianta, evidenziando i problemi del sistema linneano di tassonomia. Il secondo capitolo si concentra, invece, sull’introduzione della pianta in Europa attraverso due percorsi principali. Sir Joseph Banks acquistò la specie da Canton per i Kew Gardens nel 1787; esistono informazioni contrastanti sull’anno di introduzione della specie in Francia, ma questo studio stabilisce che fu probabilmente introdotta per la prima volta da Canton alle Mauritius nel 1768 o 1769, e da qui a Parigi nel 1788. Con l’emergere delle nozioni di esotico e di indigeno nell'Europa dell’età moderna, il possesso del nespolo del Giappone e di numerose altre piante “esotiche” nei propri giardini è stato un simbolo di status per le élite europee. La specie si diffuse gradualmente in tutta Europa, comparendo in Italia nel 1812 sia in Piemonte che a Napoli. Infine, nel 1821 John Lindley (1799-1865) riclassificò la specie da Mespilus japonica a Eriobotrya japonica. Questo studio fornisce una panoramica di come lo scambio botanico intercontinentale abbia plasmato l’integrazione del nespolo del Giappone nei sistemi di conoscenza e negli ambienti naturali in Europa.
Dall'esotico al quotidiano: una storia del nespolo in Europa tra la metà del XVII secolo e l'inizio del XIX secolo
XI, NINGYI
2023/2024
Abstract
By studying and comparing primary sources, this study explores the history of the loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) in Europe between the mid-17th century and the early 19th century, tracing the species’ journey from East Asia through key figures in botanical history, trade companies, botanic gardens, and colonial networks. Chapter One investigates European encounters with the loquat in the 17th and 18th centuries, beginning with Michał Piotr Boym (1612-1659)’s documentation of the species in China and continuing with the work of Leonard Plukenet (1642-1706), Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716), and Carl Peter Thunberg (1743-1828), whose classification Mespilus japonica cemented the loquat’s association with Japan, and João de Loureiro (1710-1791). This study analyzes how differing observations by Thunberg and Loureiro led to different classifications of the plant, highlighting challenges in the Linnaean system of taxonomy. Chapter Two shifts the focus to the loquat’s introduction to Europe through two major paths. Sir Joseph Banks acquired the species for Kew Gardens in 1787 from Canton; conflicting information exists on the year of the loquat’s introduction to France, but this study establishes that the loquat was likely first introduced from Canton to Mauritius in 1768 or 1769, and from the island to Paris in 1788. As the notions of the exotic and the indigenous emerged in early modern Europe, possession of the loquat as well as numerous other “exotic” plants in their gardens served as a symbol of status for European elites. The loquat gradually spread across Europe, appearing Italy in 1812 in both Piedmont and Naples. Finally, in 1821 John Lindley reclassified the species from Mespilus japonica to Eriobotrya japonica. This study provides an overview of how cross-continental botanical exchange shaped the loquat’s integration into knowledge systems and natural environments in Europe.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/73848