Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of chemical compounds used in various industrial sectors for their chemical and physical properties. However, their high stability and persistence promote their dispersion in the environment, with damaging consequences for ecosystems. This study analyzes the physiological and morphological effects of GenX, a substitute for PFOA, on Zea mays plants grown in hydroponic systems and exposed to concentrations of 10, 100, 1000 µg/L. The treated plants showed a general condition of stress, with a reduction in photosynthetic efficiency related to the decrease of fundamental protein complexes involved in energy conversion, such as LHCII and γ-ATPsyn. Additionally, there was a greater accumulation of the PSBS protein complex, indicating the plants’ need to dissipate excess energy. Morphologically, there more pronounced growth of exposed roots reflects the necessity to search for nutrients deeper in the soil, avoiding contaminants. PFAS exposure, including GenX, negatively affects the health of plants, animals and humans, with severe consequences for food security and the environment. Despite continuing research in the biotechnological and medical fields to mitigate these effects, stricter regulations are needed to reduce the impact of such contaminants, limiting their dispersion and remediating already compromised areas.
Le sostanze Per- e Polifluoroalchiliche (PFAS), sono un gruppo di composti chimici utilizzati in vari settori industriali per le loro proprietà chimiche e fisiche. Tuttavia, l’alta stabilità e persistenza ne favoriscono la dispersione nell’ambiente, con conseguenze deleterie per gli ecosistemi. Questo studio esamina gli effetti fisiologici e morfologici del GenX, sostituto del PFOA, in piante di Zea mays coltivate in sistemi idroponici ed esposte a concentrazioni di 10, 100, 1000 µg/L. Le piante trattate hanno mostrato una generale condizione di stress, con una riduzione dell’efficienza fotosintetica, legata alla diminuzione dei complessi proteici fondamentali nella conversione dell’energia, quali LHCII e y-ATPsyn. Inoltre, risulta un accumulo maggiore del complesso proteico PSBS, indicativo della necessità delle piante di perdere l’energia in eccesso. Morfologicamente, la crescita più pronunciata delle radici esposte riflette la necessità di cercare nutrienti in profondità, evitando i contaminanti. L’esposizione a PFAS, compreso GenX, influisce negativamente sulla salute di piante, animali e umani, con gravi conseguenze in termini di sicurezza alimentare e per l’ambiente. Nonostante la continua ricerca in campo biotecnologico e medico per mitigare questi effetti, è necessario adottare una regolamentazione più stringente per ridurre l’impatto di tali contaminati, limitandone la dispersione e bonificando le aree già compromesse.
IMPATTO MORFOLOGICO E FISIOLOGICO IN PIANTE DI Zea mays TRATTATE CON GenX
MASIERO, FILIPPO
2023/2024
Abstract
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of chemical compounds used in various industrial sectors for their chemical and physical properties. However, their high stability and persistence promote their dispersion in the environment, with damaging consequences for ecosystems. This study analyzes the physiological and morphological effects of GenX, a substitute for PFOA, on Zea mays plants grown in hydroponic systems and exposed to concentrations of 10, 100, 1000 µg/L. The treated plants showed a general condition of stress, with a reduction in photosynthetic efficiency related to the decrease of fundamental protein complexes involved in energy conversion, such as LHCII and γ-ATPsyn. Additionally, there was a greater accumulation of the PSBS protein complex, indicating the plants’ need to dissipate excess energy. Morphologically, there more pronounced growth of exposed roots reflects the necessity to search for nutrients deeper in the soil, avoiding contaminants. PFAS exposure, including GenX, negatively affects the health of plants, animals and humans, with severe consequences for food security and the environment. Despite continuing research in the biotechnological and medical fields to mitigate these effects, stricter regulations are needed to reduce the impact of such contaminants, limiting their dispersion and remediating already compromised areas.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/74744