Harvesting inequality: the hidden violations of women's rights in the business practices of the Indian tea industry

This thesis explores the numerous violations of women’s rights in Indian tea plantations and examines the role of business practices in sustaining and/or mitigating these abuses. This research seeks to explain the issues faced by women tea workers and the root causes behind them, and to ultimately add to the studies on gender equality and corporate responsibility in the tea industry. These goals are achieved through a detailed analysis of documents on working conditions, corporate policies, socio-economic factors, historical legacy, and the pertinent legal frameworks. The thesis demonstrates that while women workers are fundamental for the success of this valuable industry, they are subjected to serious discriminations and abuses of their rights. The root causes of these problems are systemic, including the patriarchal structure of the Indian society, the ethnic origins and social class of tea workers and the lack of adequate legal protections. Another additional factor that indirectly contribute to the abuses of women tea workers’ rights is the economic interest of tea companies. The thesis illustrates how businesses in the tea sector through their actions and behaviours can have a strong impact on the conditions of women employed in their tea supply chain, even though they are not the direct perpetrators of the abuses. Because of this, the thesis suggests that tea companies should adopt a more responsible women-oriented approach by referencing some examples of good practices, policies, and initiatives. Finally, the thesis highlights how important it is to develop an holistic strategy with the engagement of all stakeholders in order to finally achieve gender equality and women empowerment in this industry.