The use of oxygen as a drug involves finding the right dosage, in the right dose, meant as a percentage of the respiratory mixture, and at its right pressure. Hyperoxia or hypoxia conditions can generate numerous cellular processes that see a therapeutic turn in a normal adaptive process. Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Therapy (IHHT) is a safe, non-invasive procedure that involves the intermittent administration of a mixture of hypoxic and hyperoxic. It can be performed at rest or in combination with exercise and appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy for various populations. IHHT can provide important benefits in patients who need cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation as well as geriatric patients with multiple comorbidities. Our experimental protocol involves a four-week IHHT (FiO2 14% and 30%) program during soft exercise on treadmills, performed twice a week on 12 healthy volunteers according to two protocols defined: conditioning and training, differentiated by the total duration of hypoxia. During the experiment, basic parameters of heart rate, saturation and hypoxia symptoms were monitored. Blood, urine and saliva samples were also collected to measure parameters of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function. The results show an increase in oxidative stress during four weeks of training, a decrease in total antioxidant capacity, and an increase in lipid oxidation markers. Unlike the training protocol, the conditioning protocol shows a lower activation of IL6, demonstrating the lesser genesis of phlegosis, and therefore a better potential for reactivation with the same result regarding redox balance. These results may be justified by the fact that a lower hypoxic exposure may be sufficient to ensure a desired positive stimulus without generating symptomatology during the protocol and without obvious side effects. In conclusion, we can say that in this experimental protocol, the conditioning profile has proved to be safe and effective and could be applied in a rehabilitation context.
L’utilizzo di ossigeno come farmaco prevede di trovare una giusta posologia, nella giusta dose, intesa come percentuale della miscela respiratoria, e alla giusta pressione. Condizioni di iperossia o di ipossia possono generare numerosi processi cellulari che vedono una svolta terapeutica in un normale processo adattativo. L’Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Therapy (IHHT) è una procedura non invasiva e sicura, prevede la somministrazione intermittente di miscela ipossica ed iperossica. Essa può essere eseguita a riposo o associata ad esercizio fisico e sembra essere una strategia terapeutica promettente per varie popolazioni. L’IHHT può apportare importanti benefici in pazienti che necessitano di riabilitazione cardiovascolare, muscoloscheletrica, neurologica e in pazienti geriatrici con molteplici comorbidità. Il nostro protocollo sperimentale prevede l’esecuzione di un programma di IHHT (FiO2 14% e 30%) dalla durata di quattro settimane, due volte a settimana, durante blando esercizio fisico su tapis roulant, eseguito su 12 volontari sani secondo due protocolli definiti conditioning e training, differenziati dalla durata totale del tempo di ipossia. Durante l’esperimento sono stati monitorati i parametri base di frequenza cardiaca, saturazione, e di sintomi di ipossia. Sono stati inoltre raccolti campioni di sangue, urine e saliva per misurare parametri di infiammazione, stress ossidativo e funzionalità endoteliale. I risultati evidenziano un aumento dello stress ossidativo nelle quattro settimane di allenamenti, una diminuzione della capacità antiossidante totale, un aumento dei markers di ossidazione lipidica. A differenza del protocollo di training, il protocollo conditioning mostra una minor attivazione di IL6, a dimostrazione della minor genesi di flogosi, e quindi di una potenzialità riabilitativa migliore a parità di risultato per quanto riguarda il bilanciamento redox. Tali risultati possono essere giustificati dal fatto che una minor esposizione ipossica possa essere sufficiente per garantire uno stimolo positivo desiderato senza generare sintomatologia durante il protocollo e senza evidenti effetti collaterali. In conclusione, possiamo asserire che in questo protocollo sperimentale, il profilo conditioning si è dimostrato sicuro ed efficace e potrebbe essere applicato in un contesto riabilitativo.
EFFETTI DI UN PROTOCOLLO DI ALLENAMENTO IN IPOSSIA ED IPEROSSIA INTERMITTENTI E POSSIBILI APPLICAZIONI A SCOPO RIABILITATIVO
BATTISTA, CATERINA
2023/2024
Abstract
The use of oxygen as a drug involves finding the right dosage, in the right dose, meant as a percentage of the respiratory mixture, and at its right pressure. Hyperoxia or hypoxia conditions can generate numerous cellular processes that see a therapeutic turn in a normal adaptive process. Intermittent Hypoxia-Hyperoxia Therapy (IHHT) is a safe, non-invasive procedure that involves the intermittent administration of a mixture of hypoxic and hyperoxic. It can be performed at rest or in combination with exercise and appears to be a promising therapeutic strategy for various populations. IHHT can provide important benefits in patients who need cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and neurological rehabilitation as well as geriatric patients with multiple comorbidities. Our experimental protocol involves a four-week IHHT (FiO2 14% and 30%) program during soft exercise on treadmills, performed twice a week on 12 healthy volunteers according to two protocols defined: conditioning and training, differentiated by the total duration of hypoxia. During the experiment, basic parameters of heart rate, saturation and hypoxia symptoms were monitored. Blood, urine and saliva samples were also collected to measure parameters of inflammation, oxidative stress and endothelial function. The results show an increase in oxidative stress during four weeks of training, a decrease in total antioxidant capacity, and an increase in lipid oxidation markers. Unlike the training protocol, the conditioning protocol shows a lower activation of IL6, demonstrating the lesser genesis of phlegosis, and therefore a better potential for reactivation with the same result regarding redox balance. These results may be justified by the fact that a lower hypoxic exposure may be sufficient to ensure a desired positive stimulus without generating symptomatology during the protocol and without obvious side effects. In conclusion, we can say that in this experimental protocol, the conditioning profile has proved to be safe and effective and could be applied in a rehabilitation context.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/75121