Background: Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Training (IHHT) is an emerging technique utilized to optimize physical performance, enhance endurance, and accelerate post-exercise recovery. Recent studies have highlighted its applicability not only in sports but also in extreme contexts such as mountaineering, scuba diving, and space flights. Purpose of the study: This study aims to evaluate the effects of intermittent exposure to hypoxic and hyperoxic mixtures on healthy athletes, with a particular focus on metabolic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory benefits. Materials and Methods: A group of 12 volunteers, divided into two groups, participated in a treadmill training protocol. Athletes underwent 8 sessions of exposure to hypoxic and hyperoxic mixtures over 4 weeks, utilizing the OX2 Master® device. Vital parameters were measured in each session, and blood, urine, and saliva samples were collected to assess oxidative stress, inflammation (ROS, IL-6, TAC), and renal function. Results: The collected data demonstrated that IHHT induces an oxidative response even at low dosages with adaptation. Furthermore, a subjective improvement in performance perception was noted in participants (BORG scale). Adaptation to hypoxia symptoms, although mild, peaked after the third training session. No major hypoxic symptoms were observed, confirming the safety of the protocol. Conclusions: This study confirms the safety and efficacy of intermittent exposure to hypoxic-hyperoxic mixtures for enhancing athletic performance and promoting recovery. The results suggest that IHHT, when properly dosed, represents a safe and effective strategy not only for athletes but also for individuals exposed to extreme environmental conditions.
Presupposti dello studio: L'allenamento intermittente ipossico-iperossico (IHHT) è una tecnica emergente utilizzata per ottimizzare la performance fisica, migliorare la resistenza e accelerare il recupero post-esercizio. Recenti studi hanno evidenziato come questa metodologia possa essere applicata non solo in ambito sportivo, ma anche in contesti estremi come l'alpinismo, le immersioni subacquee e i voli spaziali. Scopo dello studio: Questo studio ha lo scopo di valutare gli effetti dell’esposizione intermittente a miscele ipo- e iperossiche su atleti sani, con particolare attenzione ai benefici metabolici, neuroprotettivi e antinfiammatori. Materiali e Metodi: Un gruppo di 12 volontari, suddivisi in due gruppi, ha partecipato a un protocollo di training su treadmill. Gli atleti sono stati sottoposti a 8 sessioni di esposizione a miscele ipo- e iperossiche per 4 settimane, utilizzando il dispositivo OX2 Master®. I parametri vitali sono stati misurati in ogni sessione, sessione, inoltre sono stati raccolti campioni di sangue, urine e saliva da cui sono stati dosati lo stress ossidativo, l'infiammazione (ROS, IL-6, TAC e funzionalità renale) Risultati: I dati raccolti hanno dimostrato che l’IHHT induce una risposta ossidativa anche a bassi dosaggi con adattamento. Inoltre, si è osservato un miglioramento di percezione soggettiva in termini prestativi nei soggetti (BORG scale). L’adattamento ai sintomi di ipossia, benchè blandi, si è massimizzato dal terzo allenamento. Non si sono verificate sintomatolgie ipossiche maggiori, dimostrando la sicurezza del protocollo. Conclusioni: Questo studio conferma la sicurezza e l’efficacia dell’esposizione intermittente a miscele ipo-iperossiche per migliorare la prestazione atletica e favorire il recupero. I risultati suggeriscono che l'IHHT, se dosato correttamente, rappresenta una strategia sicura ed efficace non solo per gli atleti, ma anche per individui esposti a condizioni ambientali estreme.
Effetti dell’esposizione ipossica-iperossica intermittente in atleti e contesti specifici
BORTOLATO, MARGHERITA
2023/2024
Abstract
Background: Intermittent Hypoxic-Hyperoxic Training (IHHT) is an emerging technique utilized to optimize physical performance, enhance endurance, and accelerate post-exercise recovery. Recent studies have highlighted its applicability not only in sports but also in extreme contexts such as mountaineering, scuba diving, and space flights. Purpose of the study: This study aims to evaluate the effects of intermittent exposure to hypoxic and hyperoxic mixtures on healthy athletes, with a particular focus on metabolic, neuroprotective, and anti-inflammatory benefits. Materials and Methods: A group of 12 volunteers, divided into two groups, participated in a treadmill training protocol. Athletes underwent 8 sessions of exposure to hypoxic and hyperoxic mixtures over 4 weeks, utilizing the OX2 Master® device. Vital parameters were measured in each session, and blood, urine, and saliva samples were collected to assess oxidative stress, inflammation (ROS, IL-6, TAC), and renal function. Results: The collected data demonstrated that IHHT induces an oxidative response even at low dosages with adaptation. Furthermore, a subjective improvement in performance perception was noted in participants (BORG scale). Adaptation to hypoxia symptoms, although mild, peaked after the third training session. No major hypoxic symptoms were observed, confirming the safety of the protocol. Conclusions: This study confirms the safety and efficacy of intermittent exposure to hypoxic-hyperoxic mixtures for enhancing athletic performance and promoting recovery. The results suggest that IHHT, when properly dosed, represents a safe and effective strategy not only for athletes but also for individuals exposed to extreme environmental conditions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/75125