The aim of this study is to investigate alterations in strength and muscle mass in healthy older adults after 8 weeks of training (resistance and aerobic). 29 patients were divided into 3 groups, separated by the type of training they did during 8 weeks: resistance (RR), aerobic/resistance (AR), resistance/aerobic (RA). The volunteers were tested at the beginning of the study (T0), after 4 weeks (T1) and after 8 weeks of training (T2) in matter of body composition (DXA, BIA, ultrasound) and strength tests (1RM leg extension, MVC). DXA showed a significant increase about the time effect (lean body mass; P=0.010 - ASMM; P=0.048 – leg lean mass; P=0.019), the RR group notably increased in lean bosy mass (P=0.008; 1.53% ± 1.08%) and leg lean mass ((P=0.002; 2.69% ± 2.58%). BIA’s data reported a significant increase in ICW (T0-T2; P=0,021). The ultrasound showed significant differences in time effect (P=0,012) and group effect (P=0,013) for the analysis of the vastus lateralis; while, was observed a group effect (P=0,004), with a significant difference between RR-RA (P=0,018) and RR-AR (P=0,018) regarding total CSA, moreover a time effect (P=0,011) that showed a significant difference from T0 to T1 (P=0,029). Data from strength tests revealed a significat difference in all groups, MVC’s data showed a significant increase in the first 4 weeks (T0-T1; P<0,01) and from the beginning of the study to the end (T0-T2; P<0.01); even for the 1RM leg extension test were observed a time effect, but at all time points (T0-T1; P<0.001; T0-T2; P<0.001; T1-T2; P<0.001). These results revealed significany differences in all groups relating to muscle mass and strength, no matter which device were used and the type of training that patients performed, especially in the first 4 weeks of training.
Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di indagare i cambiamenti a livello di forza e massa muscolare in soggetti anziani sani dopo 8 settimane di allenamento con sovraccarichi e aerobico. I 29 soggetti analizzati sono stati suddivisi in 3 gruppi, differenziati in base alla tipologia di allenamento che hanno svolto durante le 8 settimane: contro-resistenza (RR), aerobico/contro-resistenza (AR), contro-resistenza/aerobico (RA). I partecipanti sono stati testati in 3 occasioni: all’inizio (T0), dopo 4 settimane (T1) e dopo 8 settimane (T2) per quanto riguarda la composizione corporea (DXA, BIA, ultrasound) e test di forza (1RM alla leg extension, MVC). I parametri misurati tramite DXA hanno mostrato un aumento statisticamente significativo per quanto riguarda l’effetto tempo (lean body mass; P=0,010 - ASMM; P=0,048 – leg lean mass; P= 0,019), in particolare è stato osservato come il gruppo RR abbia presentato degli aumenti significativi per quanto riguarda lean body mass (P= 0,008; 1,53% ± 1,08%) e leg lean mass (P=0,002; 2,69%± 2,58%). La BIA ha riportato solamente un aumento significativo per quanto riguarda la ICW (P= 0,021) da T0 a T2. Nell’ultrasound, sono state osservate delle differenze significative nell’effetto tempo (P= 0,012) ed effetto gruppo (P= 0,013) per quanto riguarda il vasto laterale; mentre, nell’analisi della CSA totale si è notato un effetto gruppo (P=0,004), con una differenza significativa tra RR-RA (P= 0,018) e RR-AR (P= 0,018), e un effetto tempo (P=0,011) che ha riportato una differenza significativa tra T0 e T1 (P=0,029). I dati dei test di forza hanno osservato un aumento statisticamente significativo in tutti i gruppi, dove il test MVC ha presentato un effetto tempo (P<0,01) con un aumento significativo nelle prime 4 settimane (T0-T1; P<0,01) e tra inizio e fine protocollo (T0-T2; P<0,01); in modo analogo, sono stati osservati differenze significative nel test 1RM alla leg extension, date da un effetto tempo a tutti i time point (T0-T1; P<0,001; T0-T2; P<0,001; T1-T2; P<0,001). Questi risultati mostrano come, indipendentemente dallo strumento utilizzato e dalla tipologia di allenamento svolto, si sono osservate delle differenze significative a livello di massa muscolare e forza in tutti i gruppi, in particolare nelle prime 4 settimane di allenamento.
Nuove strategie di allenamento per migliorare la forza e massa muscolare in anziani sani
COSTANTINI, ALESSANDRO
2023/2024
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate alterations in strength and muscle mass in healthy older adults after 8 weeks of training (resistance and aerobic). 29 patients were divided into 3 groups, separated by the type of training they did during 8 weeks: resistance (RR), aerobic/resistance (AR), resistance/aerobic (RA). The volunteers were tested at the beginning of the study (T0), after 4 weeks (T1) and after 8 weeks of training (T2) in matter of body composition (DXA, BIA, ultrasound) and strength tests (1RM leg extension, MVC). DXA showed a significant increase about the time effect (lean body mass; P=0.010 - ASMM; P=0.048 – leg lean mass; P=0.019), the RR group notably increased in lean bosy mass (P=0.008; 1.53% ± 1.08%) and leg lean mass ((P=0.002; 2.69% ± 2.58%). BIA’s data reported a significant increase in ICW (T0-T2; P=0,021). The ultrasound showed significant differences in time effect (P=0,012) and group effect (P=0,013) for the analysis of the vastus lateralis; while, was observed a group effect (P=0,004), with a significant difference between RR-RA (P=0,018) and RR-AR (P=0,018) regarding total CSA, moreover a time effect (P=0,011) that showed a significant difference from T0 to T1 (P=0,029). Data from strength tests revealed a significat difference in all groups, MVC’s data showed a significant increase in the first 4 weeks (T0-T1; P<0,01) and from the beginning of the study to the end (T0-T2; P<0.01); even for the 1RM leg extension test were observed a time effect, but at all time points (T0-T1; P<0.001; T0-T2; P<0.001; T1-T2; P<0.001). These results revealed significany differences in all groups relating to muscle mass and strength, no matter which device were used and the type of training that patients performed, especially in the first 4 weeks of training.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/75133