This thesis aims to overcome some of the limits related to research on psychological interventions, promoting, through the application of the Distillation and Matching model (Chorpita. 2005), a breakdown, into their practical elements, of cognitive remediation interventions for patients adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia/psychosis or schizoaffective disorder, identified from 25 randomized clinical trials selected from a network meta-analysis (McGlanaghy, 2021). The discrete components extracted from the interventions, described operationally within a list, were analyzed through a study of their frequency of use relative to the trials, in order to define those applied most frequently and therefore considered potentially more effective active ingredients. In the second phase of work, the matching process was applied between the extracted components and a clinical variable chosen from the reference sample (duration of the disease <10 or >10 years). The results highlighted that neuro cognitive training (memory, attention and executive functions), teaching techniques and repeated practice are among the most used practical elements. With respect to the matching process, some differences emerged in the frequency of use of the components in the two homogeneous groups of trials, but further studies are needed toexamine also other variables in order to identify new potentially effective combinations. This work highlights the importance of adopting an approach focused on the functioning mechanisms of psychological interventions for serious disorders.
Questo lavoro di tesi si propone di superare alcuni dei limiti legati alla ricerca sugli interventi psicologi, promuovendo, attraverso l’applicazione del Distillation and Matching model (Chorpita. 2005), una scomposizione, nei loro elementi pratici, di interventi di rimediazione cognitiva per pazienti adulti con una diagnosi di schizofrenia/psicosi o disturbo schizoaffettivo, individuati a partire da 25 trials clinici randomizzati selezionati da una network metanalisi (McGlanaghy, 2021). Le componenti discrete estratte dagli interventi, descritte operativamente all’interno di una lista, sono state analizzate attraverso uno studio della loro frequenza di utilizzo relativa ai trials, che ha permesso di definire quelle applicate più frequentemente e per questo considerate ingredienti attivi potenzialmente più efficaci. Nella seconda fase di lavoro, è stato applicato il processo di matching tra le componenti estratte e una variabile clinica scelta dal campione di riferimento (durata della malattia<10 o >10 anni). I risultati hanno evidenziato che training neuro cognitivi (di memoria, attenzione e funzioni esecutive), tecniche di insegnamento e pratica ripetuta sono tra gli elementi pratici più utilizzati. Rispetto al processo di matching, sono emerse alcune differenze nella frequenza di utilizzo delle componenti nei due gruppi omogenei di trials, ma sono necessari ulteriori studi che prendano in esame anche altre variabili per poter individuare nuove combinazioni potenzialmente efficaci. Questo lavoro sottolinea l’importanza di adottare un approccio focalizzato sui meccanismi di funzionamento degli interventi psicologici per disturbi gravi.
Ingredienti attivi di interventi di rimediazione cognitiva per pazienti con schizofrenia: applicazione del Distillation and Matching model
VINCENZI, MARTA
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis aims to overcome some of the limits related to research on psychological interventions, promoting, through the application of the Distillation and Matching model (Chorpita. 2005), a breakdown, into their practical elements, of cognitive remediation interventions for patients adults with a diagnosis of schizophrenia/psychosis or schizoaffective disorder, identified from 25 randomized clinical trials selected from a network meta-analysis (McGlanaghy, 2021). The discrete components extracted from the interventions, described operationally within a list, were analyzed through a study of their frequency of use relative to the trials, in order to define those applied most frequently and therefore considered potentially more effective active ingredients. In the second phase of work, the matching process was applied between the extracted components and a clinical variable chosen from the reference sample (duration of the disease <10 or >10 years). The results highlighted that neuro cognitive training (memory, attention and executive functions), teaching techniques and repeated practice are among the most used practical elements. With respect to the matching process, some differences emerged in the frequency of use of the components in the two homogeneous groups of trials, but further studies are needed toexamine also other variables in order to identify new potentially effective combinations. This work highlights the importance of adopting an approach focused on the functioning mechanisms of psychological interventions for serious disorders.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/75333