Technological Innovations and Policy Making in the European Union: A Focus on Artificial Intelligence

In the 21st century, rapid technological advancements have significantly influenced policy structures worldwide, particularly in the European Union. Especially with the effect of increasing use of artificial intelligence; states started to come up with their own action plans regarding this situation. This thesis explores the relationship between recent technological developments and policy-making processes in the EU, with a special focus on the field of artificial intelligence. First the thesis provides a comprehensive overview of key technological developments, such as cybersecurity advancements and surveillance technologies, highlighting their transformative impact on global and EU-specific policy frameworks. Then it delves into the global significance of AI, examining why AI is often stated as the next pivotal technological revolution after the internet. This analysis highlights the critical role of AI in shaping future socio-economic and political landscapes, requiring strong regulatory measures. Also it evaluates the European Union's approach toward these technological shifts. It examines the EU's strategic responses to technological advancements, again with a specific emphasis on AI. Finally the thesis compares the EU's regulatory approaches to AI with those of other global regions, investigating whether the EU's policies serve as a benchmark for international standards. It considers the EU's potential pioneering role in AI regulation and its influence on other regions and institutions. By analyzing these dimensions, this thesis aims to provide a detailed understanding of how technological innovations, especially AI, are reshaping policy-making within the EU. The findings emphasize the EU's strategic position in leading global AI governance and the broader implications of its regulatory actions for international policy frameworks.