Introduction: Major trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective trauma management also relies on an organized triage system, ensuring patients have rapid access to necessary specialized care. In Italy, trauma care models are heterogeneous despite the general guidelines provided by the Italian National Institute of Health. In the Veneto region, centralization to a High-Specialty Trauma Center (HUB center) or referral to a Regional Trauma Center (SPOKE center) is determined based on physiopathological, anatomical, and situational criteria. In the ULSS 7 area, the current procedure directs patients with major trauma to the CTS (High-Specialty Trauma Center) if they are sufficiently hemodynamically stabilized on-site and if their injuries require specialized expertise (such as neurosurgery and plastic surgery for severe burns). Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the differences in terms of in-hospital management and outcomes of patients with major trauma centralized primarily to the CTS versus those treated at the CTZ, and to identify potential predictors of negative outcomes. Methods: A retrospective observational multicenter study was conducted, analyzing adult patients with major trauma (ISS > 15) centralized to the CTS or referred to the CTZ in the ULSS7 Pedemontana area between 2018 and 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: A total of 163 patients were enrolled, with 74.8% being male and an average age of 57 years. The average ISS was 29, with no significant differences between centers. Patients centralized to the CTS showed comparable in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes to those treated at the CTZ. The clinical presentation of CTS patients was more indicative of severity, and there was a higher use of invasive interventions at the CTS, possibly contributing to better initial stabilization. Multivariate analysis identified the New Trauma Score as an independent predictor of mortality. Conclusions: The complex issue of appropriate patient centralization highlights the need for a revision of the regional PDTA, with the implementation of standardized guidelines and optimization of the triage and centralization process. Further prospective studies will be useful to confirm these findings and improve the trauma system organization in the Veneto region.
Introduzione: Il trauma maggiore rappresenta una delle principali cause di morbilità e mortalità a livello globale. Un’efficace gestione del trauma dipende anche da un sistema organizzato di triage, che assicura ai pazienti l'accesso rapido alle cure specialistiche necessarie. In Italia i modelli sono disomogenei, al netto delle raccomandazioni dell'Istituto superiore di Sanità che danno un’impostazione comune. Nello specifico in Veneto la centralizzazione al Centro Trauma ad alta Specializzazione (centro HUB) o l'afferenza al Centro Traumi di Zona (centro SPOKE) viene eseguita in base a criteri fisio-patologici, anatomici e dinamico-situazionali. Nella ULSS 7, invece, la procedura attuale indirizza i pazienti con trauma maggiore al CTS se è sufficientemente emodinamicamente stabilizzati su territorio e se le lesioni riportate richiedono competenze specialistiche (neurochirurgiche e di chirurgia plastica per i grandi ustionati). Scopo dello studio: L’obiettivo dello studio è stato valutare e confrontare le differenze in termini di gestione intraospedaliera e outcome dei pazienti con trauma maggiore centralizzati primariamente al CTS rispetto a quelli trattati nei CTZ, identificando eventuali fattori predittivi di esito negativo. Metodi: È stato condotto uno studio osservazionale retrospettivo multicentrico, analizzando i pazienti adulti con trauma maggiore (ISS > 15) centralizzati al CTS o afferiti ai CTZ della ULSS7 Pedemontana tra il 2018 e il 2022. L’analisi statistica è stata eseguita utilizzando test non parametrici e modelli di regressione logistica multivariata. Risultati: Sono stati inclusi 163 pazienti, di cui il 74,8% maschi, con un’età media di 57 anni. L’ISS medio è risultato pari a 29, senza differenze significative tra i centri. I pazienti centralizzati al CTS hanno mostrato una mortalità intraospedaliera e outcome funzionale sovrapponibile rispetto a quelli trattati nei CTZ. I pazienti del CTS avevano presentazione clinica più indicativa di gravità, è stato riscontrato un maggiore utilizzo di interventi invasivi nel CTS, che può aver contribuito a una migliore stabilizzazione iniziale. L’analisi multivariata ha evidenziato che il New Trauma Score come fattore predittore indipendente di mortalità. Conclusioni: Il tema complesso della corretta centralizzazione del paziente suggerisce la necessità di una revisione del PDTA regionale, con l’implementazione di linee guida uniformi e un’ottimizzazione del processo di triage e centralizzazione. Ulteriori studi prospettici saranno utili per confermare questi risultati e migliorare l’organizzazione del trauma system nella regione Veneto.
La gestione del paziente con trauma maggiore tra centro HUB e centro SPOKE: analisi retrospettiva dei casi della ULSS7 Pedemontana
ZANDA, MICHELA
2022/2023
Abstract
Introduction: Major trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Effective trauma management also relies on an organized triage system, ensuring patients have rapid access to necessary specialized care. In Italy, trauma care models are heterogeneous despite the general guidelines provided by the Italian National Institute of Health. In the Veneto region, centralization to a High-Specialty Trauma Center (HUB center) or referral to a Regional Trauma Center (SPOKE center) is determined based on physiopathological, anatomical, and situational criteria. In the ULSS 7 area, the current procedure directs patients with major trauma to the CTS (High-Specialty Trauma Center) if they are sufficiently hemodynamically stabilized on-site and if their injuries require specialized expertise (such as neurosurgery and plastic surgery for severe burns). Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the differences in terms of in-hospital management and outcomes of patients with major trauma centralized primarily to the CTS versus those treated at the CTZ, and to identify potential predictors of negative outcomes. Methods: A retrospective observational multicenter study was conducted, analyzing adult patients with major trauma (ISS > 15) centralized to the CTS or referred to the CTZ in the ULSS7 Pedemontana area between 2018 and 2022. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression models. Results: A total of 163 patients were enrolled, with 74.8% being male and an average age of 57 years. The average ISS was 29, with no significant differences between centers. Patients centralized to the CTS showed comparable in-hospital mortality and functional outcomes to those treated at the CTZ. The clinical presentation of CTS patients was more indicative of severity, and there was a higher use of invasive interventions at the CTS, possibly contributing to better initial stabilization. Multivariate analysis identified the New Trauma Score as an independent predictor of mortality. Conclusions: The complex issue of appropriate patient centralization highlights the need for a revision of the regional PDTA, with the implementation of standardized guidelines and optimization of the triage and centralization process. Further prospective studies will be useful to confirm these findings and improve the trauma system organization in the Veneto region.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/77629