Roger Bacon's speculation stands out for its originality in the philosophical landscape of the 13th century. The philosopher adopted some elements already present in scholastic philosophy and renewed them; in particular, the theme of "scientia experimentalis" is central to his reflection, and it is the focus of this thesis. After an initial part analyzing the life and works of the English thinker, the second part examines how the theme of empiricism developed from the ancient period to the medieval period: both through the Aristotelian legacy and through contributions from the liberal arts, particularly those with a mathematical character. The third and fourth sections are specifically focused on analyzing the development of "scientia experimentalis" in Bacon's works; therefore, primarily within the "Opus maius", which he sent to Pope Clement IV, but also in his other works where traces of this particular philosophy can be found. The analysis of how Bacon handles the problems concerning the rainbow is particularly developed. Finally, the fifth part is dedicated to analysing and summarising the results of the research.
Il pensiero di Ruggero Bacone si distingue per la sua originalità nel panorama filosofico del XIII secolo. Il filosofo fa sue alcune istanze già presenti nella filosofia scolastica e le rinnova; in particolare, risulta al centro della sua riflessione il tema della "scientia experimentalis", che è posta ad oggetto di questa tesi. Dopo una prima parte in cui si analizzano la vita e le opere del pensatore inglese, segue una seconda parte nella quale si analizza come il tema dell'empirismo si sia sviluppato dal periodo antico a quello medievale: sia attraverso l'eredità aristotelica che mediante gli apporti delle arti liberali, in particolare di quelle a carattere matematico. La terza e la quarta parte sono focalizzate in particolare sull'analisi dello sviluppo della "scientia experimentalis" nelle opere di Bacone; pertanto principalmente all'interno dell' "Opus maius" che manda al papa Clemente IV, ma anche in altri suoi lavori, dove si ritrovano le tracce di questa particolare filosofia. Si approfondisce in particolare la trattazione baconiana dell'arcobaleno. La quinta parte, infine, è dedicata ad un'analisi riassuntiva degli elementi emersi durante la ricerca.
La "scientia experimentalis" nella filosofia di Ruggero Bacone
PARONUZZI, SAMUELE
2023/2024
Abstract
Roger Bacon's speculation stands out for its originality in the philosophical landscape of the 13th century. The philosopher adopted some elements already present in scholastic philosophy and renewed them; in particular, the theme of "scientia experimentalis" is central to his reflection, and it is the focus of this thesis. After an initial part analyzing the life and works of the English thinker, the second part examines how the theme of empiricism developed from the ancient period to the medieval period: both through the Aristotelian legacy and through contributions from the liberal arts, particularly those with a mathematical character. The third and fourth sections are specifically focused on analyzing the development of "scientia experimentalis" in Bacon's works; therefore, primarily within the "Opus maius", which he sent to Pope Clement IV, but also in his other works where traces of this particular philosophy can be found. The analysis of how Bacon handles the problems concerning the rainbow is particularly developed. Finally, the fifth part is dedicated to analysing and summarising the results of the research.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/78281