Clay processing can deeply affect the characteristics of a base clay, having an important effect on both provenance studies and technological issues in ceramic examinations. Decantation is one of those clay processing techniques that has been used for cleaning the clay from the impurities (coarser fraction) found in the sediment. The influence of this processing is assessed experimentally by delving into the effects it has on a mineralogical, elemental, and microscopic level. Thirteen clayey materials were sampled from different geographic location in the Mediterranean basin (Cyprus, Greece, Italy and Sudan) to undergo a multianalytical approach before and after they were depurated. X-ray Fluorescence and X-ray Powder Diffraction were used to interpret the chemical and mineralogical changes, respectively, of the base clay underwent, as well as laser granulometry to establish the changes in terms of grain-size distribution pre- and post-processing (depuration for sedimentation in calm water). The samples were also fired at 400°C facilitating thin section production enabling microscopic analysis. Digital imaging analysis using the Scanning Electron Microscope with backscattered electron images was used to complement the observations done by optical microscopy. Finally, Atterberg limits were measured to explore the impact of decantation on clay plasticity, giving information on changes in mineral type content and organic material. The samples are to be further tested in the close future for isotopic analysis and ICP-MS. By addressing these changes, the study aims to deepen our understanding of clay behavior, therefore helping develop our insights into ceramic production techniques and facilitating provenance studies of ancient ceramics.
I processi di preparazione possono influire profondamente sulle caratteristiche di una argilla di base, con importanti effetti sia sugli studi di provenienza che sulle questioni tecnologiche legate all'esame dei manufatti ceramici. La decantazione è una delle tecniche di lavorazione dell'argilla utilizzate per “ripulire” l'argilla dalle impurità (frazione più grossolana) presenti nel sedimento. L'influenza di questo processo è stata valutata sperimentalmente nel presente elaborato di tesi analizzando gli effetti a livello mineralogico, elementare e microscopico. Tredici materiali argillosi sono stati prelevati da diverse località geografiche nel bacino del Mediterraneo (Cipro, Grecia, Italia e Sudan) per essere sottoposti a un approccio multi-analitico sia prima che dopo il processo di depurazione. La Fluorescenza a Raggi X e la Diffrazione a Polvere di Raggi X sono state utilizzate per interpretare rispettivamente i cambiamenti chimici e mineralogici subiti dall'argilla di base, mentre la granulometria laser è stata impiegata per stabilire i cambiamenti nella distribuzione delle dimensioni dei grani prima e dopo la lavorazione (depurazione attraverso la sedimentazione in acqua calma). I campioni sono stati inoltre cotti a 400°C per facilitare la produzione di sezioni sottili e consentire l'analisi microscopica. L'analisi delle immagini digitali mediante Microscopio Elettronico a Scansione con immagini a elettroni retrodiffusi è stata usata cme metodo complementare all’analisi in microscopia ottica. Infine, i limiti di Atterberg sono stati misurati per esplorare l'impatto della decantazione sulla plasticità dell'argilla, fornendo informazioni sui cambiamenti che il contenuto minerale e nel materiale organico hanno detreminato sul contenuto acqua i grado di garantire il carattere plasico la materiale. I campioni saranno ulteriormente analizzati in futuro attraverso l'analisi isotopica e l'ICP-MS. Affrontando questi cambiamenti, lo studio mira ad approfondire la comprensione del comportamento dell'argilla, contribuendo così a sviluppare le conoscenze sulle tecniche di produzione ceramica e facilitando gli studi di provenienza di ceramiche antiche.
Influence of decantation process on Mediterranean clays: An experimental archaeometric approach
FILIPPOU, VANIA
2023/2024
Abstract
Clay processing can deeply affect the characteristics of a base clay, having an important effect on both provenance studies and technological issues in ceramic examinations. Decantation is one of those clay processing techniques that has been used for cleaning the clay from the impurities (coarser fraction) found in the sediment. The influence of this processing is assessed experimentally by delving into the effects it has on a mineralogical, elemental, and microscopic level. Thirteen clayey materials were sampled from different geographic location in the Mediterranean basin (Cyprus, Greece, Italy and Sudan) to undergo a multianalytical approach before and after they were depurated. X-ray Fluorescence and X-ray Powder Diffraction were used to interpret the chemical and mineralogical changes, respectively, of the base clay underwent, as well as laser granulometry to establish the changes in terms of grain-size distribution pre- and post-processing (depuration for sedimentation in calm water). The samples were also fired at 400°C facilitating thin section production enabling microscopic analysis. Digital imaging analysis using the Scanning Electron Microscope with backscattered electron images was used to complement the observations done by optical microscopy. Finally, Atterberg limits were measured to explore the impact of decantation on clay plasticity, giving information on changes in mineral type content and organic material. The samples are to be further tested in the close future for isotopic analysis and ICP-MS. By addressing these changes, the study aims to deepen our understanding of clay behavior, therefore helping develop our insights into ceramic production techniques and facilitating provenance studies of ancient ceramics.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/78713