This thesis investigates the relationship between parentification, adult attachment and couple satisfaction, exploring the impact that the early assumption of parental roles and responsibilities, typical of parentification, has on romantic relationships in adulthood. Previous studies have shown that experiences of parentification can negatively affect both romantic attachment styles and couple satisfaction. This research aims to further explore these dynamics, also considering the mutual influence partners exert on each other within the relationship. The study was conducted on an Italian sample of 147 individuals, including 64 heterosexual couples who had been in a romantic relationship for at least two years. Participants completed self-report questionnaires, including the Filial Responsibility Scale–Adult (FRS-A Past) to investigate past parentification; the Experience in Close Relationship Scale 12 (ECR-12) to assess romantic attachment dimensions; and the Revised-Dyadic Adjustment Scale (R-DAS) to evaluate couple satisfaction. The analyses conducted on the overall sample demonstrated: a gender difference in emotional and instrumental parentification, but not in couple satisfaction; significant correlations between parentification, except for instrumental parentification, and anxious attachment, between insecure attachment (both anxious and avoidant) and couple satisfaction, but not between parentification and satisfaction, except in terms of perceived injustice; a total mediation model of anxious attachment between parentification and couple satisfaction. The dyadic analyses conducted on the couples using the APIM model showed: an influence of both partners' experience of parentification on female attachment; an influence of the male's perceived injustice on the female partner's couple satisfaction; bidirectional influences between male avoidance on female satisfaction and male anxiety on male satisfaction. We can observe how the experience of parentification affects individuals' internal working models, particularly in terms of relationship anxiety, which can, in turn, influence romantic relationships in adulthood. Furthermore, the experience of parentification, but especially insecure attachment, seems detrimental to the perceived quality of the relationship by both the individual and their partner, particularly in women. The results highlight the important role that attachment plays in relation to the potential outcomes of parentification. Future research could explore the potential reparative effect of the analyzed constructs on both individuals and their partners.
La presente tesi indaga il legame tra parentificazione, attaccamento romantico e soddisfazione di coppia, esplorando l’impatto che l’assunzione precoce di ruoli e responsabilità genitoriali, tipica della parentificazione, può avere sulle relazioni romantiche in età adulta. Studi precedenti hanno dimostrato come diverse esperienze di parentificazione possano incidere negativamente sull’attaccamento romantico e la soddisfazione di coppia; la presente ricerca vuole esplorare questa relazione anche in virtù dell’influenza reciproca esercitata tra partner. L’indagine è stata condotta su un campione italiano di 147 individui, di cui 64 coppie eterosessuali in una relazione romantica da almeno due anni, tramite la compilazione di questionari self-report: la Filial Responsibility Scale–Adult questionnaire (FRS-A Past), per indagare l’esperienza di parentificazione passata; l’Experience in Close Relationship Scale 12 (ECR-12), per rilevare le dimensioni dell’attaccamento romantico adulto; la Revised-Dyadic Adjustment Scale (R-DAS) per valutare la soddisfazione di coppia. Le analisi svolte sul campione complessivo hanno dimostrato: una differenza di genere in relazione alla parentificazione emotiva e strumentale, ma non per la soddisfazione di coppia; correlazioni significative tra la parentificazione, tranne quella strumentale, e l’ansietà, tra attaccamento insicuro, sia ansioso che evitante, e soddisfazione di coppia, ma non tra parentificazione e soddisfazione, se non in termini di ingiustizia percepita; un modello di mediazione totale dell’ansietà nella relazione tra parentificazione e soddisfazione di coppia. Le analisi diadiche svolte sulle coppie tramite il modello APIM hanno dimostrato: un’influenza dell’esperienza di parentificazione di entrambi i partner sull’attaccamento femminile; un’influenza dell’ingiustizia percepita dal maschio sulla soddisfazione di coppia della compagna; influenze bidirezionali tra l’evitamento maschile sulla soddisfazione femminile e tra l’ansietà maschile sulla soddisfazione maschile. Possiamo notare come l’esperienza di parentificazione incida sui modelli operativi interni dei soggetti, soprattutto in termini di ansietà della relazione, e che questi possano a loro volta influenzare le relazioni romantiche in età adulta. Inoltre, l’esperienza di parentificazione, ma soprattutto l’attaccamento insicuro sembrano deleteri per qualità della relazione percepita dal soggetto e dal proprio partner, soprattutto nelle donne. I risultati sottolineano l’importante ruolo svolto dall’attaccamento relativamente ai possibili esiti della parentificazione. Ricerche future potrebbero approfondire il potenziale effetto riparativo dei costrutti analizzati, sia sugli individui che sui loro partner.
Le diverse esperienze di prendersi cura dei propri genitori: connessione con l’attaccamento romantico e l’adattamento diadico nella relazione di coppia
ZINUTTI, MARTA
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis investigates the relationship between parentification, adult attachment and couple satisfaction, exploring the impact that the early assumption of parental roles and responsibilities, typical of parentification, has on romantic relationships in adulthood. Previous studies have shown that experiences of parentification can negatively affect both romantic attachment styles and couple satisfaction. This research aims to further explore these dynamics, also considering the mutual influence partners exert on each other within the relationship. The study was conducted on an Italian sample of 147 individuals, including 64 heterosexual couples who had been in a romantic relationship for at least two years. Participants completed self-report questionnaires, including the Filial Responsibility Scale–Adult (FRS-A Past) to investigate past parentification; the Experience in Close Relationship Scale 12 (ECR-12) to assess romantic attachment dimensions; and the Revised-Dyadic Adjustment Scale (R-DAS) to evaluate couple satisfaction. The analyses conducted on the overall sample demonstrated: a gender difference in emotional and instrumental parentification, but not in couple satisfaction; significant correlations between parentification, except for instrumental parentification, and anxious attachment, between insecure attachment (both anxious and avoidant) and couple satisfaction, but not between parentification and satisfaction, except in terms of perceived injustice; a total mediation model of anxious attachment between parentification and couple satisfaction. The dyadic analyses conducted on the couples using the APIM model showed: an influence of both partners' experience of parentification on female attachment; an influence of the male's perceived injustice on the female partner's couple satisfaction; bidirectional influences between male avoidance on female satisfaction and male anxiety on male satisfaction. We can observe how the experience of parentification affects individuals' internal working models, particularly in terms of relationship anxiety, which can, in turn, influence romantic relationships in adulthood. Furthermore, the experience of parentification, but especially insecure attachment, seems detrimental to the perceived quality of the relationship by both the individual and their partner, particularly in women. The results highlight the important role that attachment plays in relation to the potential outcomes of parentification. Future research could explore the potential reparative effect of the analyzed constructs on both individuals and their partners.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/79376