The project described in this thesis was developed at a company specializing in the design of electro-actuated testing machines, and focuses on the development of testing systems based on linear motors with lightweight moving parts capable of competing in terms of both performance and cost with traditional systems using hydraulic actuators. Reducing the inertia of the moving part is the main technological challenge for replacing hydraulic machines in reliability testing of shock absorbers, which are characterized by high acceleration, high-speed, and high-load test cycles. The thesis begins with a historical overview of the evolution of mechanical testing machine technology and offers a comparison between hydraulic and electric machines in the sector. It outlines the theoretical foundations of structural adhesive joints, with particular attention to their advantages over welded and bolted joints, as well as the classification of linear electric motors. Subsequently, it introduces the first scaled-down prototype of a linear machine with a lightweight moving part and the related performance tests of motors with lightweight magnets. The redesign of the lightweight moving part for the demo machine and the resulting structural changes compared to standard linear machines are detailed. After specific tests, the mechanical technology required for the practical realization of the project, including magnet weight reduction and bonding parameters, was developed. In parallel, a new type of safety brake for lightweight moving parts was designed to reduce the machine’s overall production costs. Finally, the assembly procedure for the lightweight moving part was defined, with a focus on the sequence of bonding operations, emphasizing time and resource efficiency. Upon completion of the project, the first linear testing machine with a lightweight moving part was successfully built and assembled, marking a groundbreaking advancement in the field of electro-actuated testing machines.
Il progetto descritto in questa tesi è stato sviluppato presso un'azienda specializzata nella progettazione di macchine da test elettro-attuate e ha come oggetto lo sviluppo di sistemi di prova basati su motori lineari con parti mobili alleggerite in grado di competere sia in termini di prestazioni sia in termini economici con i sistemi tradizionali con attuatori idraulici. La riduzione dell’inerzia della parte mobile rappresenta il principale limite tecnologico per poter sostituire le macchine idrauliche nell’ambito dei test di affidabilità degli ammortizzatori, ovvero test caratterizzati da cicli di prova ad alte accelerazioni, alte velocità e alto carico. La tesi inizialmente presenta una panoramica storica sull’evoluzione della tecnologia delle macchine da test meccanici e offre un confronto tra le macchine idrauliche e macchine elettriche del settore. Sono illustrate le basi teoriche riguardanti la teoria delle giunzioni adesive strutturali con particolare attenzione all’analisi dei vantaggi rispetto alle giunzioni saldate e bullonate e i motori elettrici lineari e la relativa classificazione. Successivamente viene presentato il primo prototipo in scala ridotta di macchina lineare con parte mobile alleggerita e i relativi test per la verifica delle prestazioni dei motori con magneti alleggeriti. È stata affrontata e descritta la riprogettazione della parte mobile alleggerita della macchina demo e delle conseguenti variazioni strutturali rispetto alle macchine lineari standard. Dopo una serie di test specifici, è stata sviluppata la tecnologia meccanica necessaria per la realizzazione pratica del progetto in merito all’alleggerimento dei magneti e i parametri di incollaggio. Parallelamente è stato progettato di un nuovo tipo di freno di sicurezza per parti mobili alleggerite nell’ottica di riduzione di costi di produzione globali della macchina. Infine è stata definita la procedura di assemblaggio della parte mobile alleggerita ed in particolare la sequenza delle operazioni di incollaggio, evidenziando gli aspetti legati all’efficienza in termini di tempo e risorse utilizzate. A compimento del progetto la prima macchina da test lineare con parte mobile alleggerita è stata realizzata e assemblata varcando una frontiera inedita per le macchine da test elettro-attuate.
Analisi e progettazione di sistemi di prova ad alte prestazioni basati su motori lineari sostitutivi agli attuatori idraulici per test meccanici ad alta dinamica
DIDONÉ, ALBERTO
2023/2024
Abstract
The project described in this thesis was developed at a company specializing in the design of electro-actuated testing machines, and focuses on the development of testing systems based on linear motors with lightweight moving parts capable of competing in terms of both performance and cost with traditional systems using hydraulic actuators. Reducing the inertia of the moving part is the main technological challenge for replacing hydraulic machines in reliability testing of shock absorbers, which are characterized by high acceleration, high-speed, and high-load test cycles. The thesis begins with a historical overview of the evolution of mechanical testing machine technology and offers a comparison between hydraulic and electric machines in the sector. It outlines the theoretical foundations of structural adhesive joints, with particular attention to their advantages over welded and bolted joints, as well as the classification of linear electric motors. Subsequently, it introduces the first scaled-down prototype of a linear machine with a lightweight moving part and the related performance tests of motors with lightweight magnets. The redesign of the lightweight moving part for the demo machine and the resulting structural changes compared to standard linear machines are detailed. After specific tests, the mechanical technology required for the practical realization of the project, including magnet weight reduction and bonding parameters, was developed. In parallel, a new type of safety brake for lightweight moving parts was designed to reduce the machine’s overall production costs. Finally, the assembly procedure for the lightweight moving part was defined, with a focus on the sequence of bonding operations, emphasizing time and resource efficiency. Upon completion of the project, the first linear testing machine with a lightweight moving part was successfully built and assembled, marking a groundbreaking advancement in the field of electro-actuated testing machines.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80330