The island of Albarella, located in the municipality of Rosolina (Rovigo), falls within the Po Delta Regional Park. The area, with a high tourist vocation, is characterized by pine forests and different Mediterranean scrub species. The island also includes street trees and gardens made with various ornamental species such as laurel (Laurus nobilis), cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus), white poplar (Populus alba), black pine (Pinus nigra), English oak (Quercus robur), plane tree (Platanus spp.) and magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora). During 2023, severe decline phenomena and sudden death of both tree and shrub species were observed throughout the island. Given the landscape and economic importance of the green areas of the island, a in deep study was conducted to establish the causes of these phenomena. To this end, since autumn 2023, a phytosanitary monitoring has been conducted in 26 micro-areas of the island chosen based on the spread of disease outbreaks. A total of 91 samples of soil, rhizosphere and necrotic tissues were collected from 16 species for laboratory diagnostic analyses. From the collected samples, 99 colonies belonging to 10 species of oomycetes and 14 species of ascomycetes fungi were isolated in pure culture, two of which were new to science. In particular, 9 fungal species belonging to the Botryosphaeriaceae family were obtained from samples taken from symptomatic branches. Among these, Diplodia sapinea and D. corticola were isolated with a high frequency. Ten species of Phytophthora were obtained from the soil and rhizosphere samples. Phytophthora limosa (first report in Europe) and P. plurivora were found to be the most widespread species in the green areas of the island. The results obtained highlight a very complex aetiology characterized by the presence of multiple pathogens even on the same plant. The widespread occurrence of outbreaks represents a serious risk for the safety of people and things. The discovery of 9 species of Botryosphaeriaceae and 10 species of Phytophthora in a small geographical area such as the one under investigation suggests that these phytopathogenic organisms were introduced through infected plant material.
L’isola di Albarella situata nel comune di Rosolina (Provincia di Rovigo), ricade all’interno del Parco regionale del Delta del Po. L’area, ad elevata vocazione turistica, è costituita principalmente da pinete e specie tipiche della macchia mediterranea. Nell’isola sono inoltre presenti numerose alberature stradali e giardini realizzati con varie specie ornamentali quali alloro (Laurus nobilis), lauroceraso (Prunus laurocerasus), pioppo bianco (Populus alba), pino nero (Pinus nigra), farnia (Quercus robur), platano (Platanus spp.) e magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora). Nel corso del 2023, sono stati osservati su tutta l’isola gravi fenomeni di deperimento e moria della componente sia arborea che arbustiva dell’isola. Vista la rilevanza paesaggistica ed economica delle aree verdi dell’isola è stata condotta una ricerca per studiare le cause di questi fenomeni. A tal fine, dall’autunno del 2023 è stato condotto un monitoraggio fitosanitario in 26 microaree dell'isola scelte in base alla diffusione dei focolai di malattia. Complessivamente sono stati prelevati 91 campioni di suolo, rizosfera e tessuti necrotici da 16 specie per le analisi diagnostiche di laboratorio. Dai campioni raccolti sono state isolate in coltura pura 99 colonie appartenenti a 10 specie di oomiceti e 14 specie di funghi ascomiceti, di cui due nuove per la scienza. In particolare, dai campioni prelevati da branche sintomatiche sono stati ottenuti 9 specie fungine afferenti alla famiglia delle Botryosphaeriaceae. Tra queste Diplodia sapinea e D. corticola sono state isolate con una frequenza elevata. Dai campioni di suolo e rizosfera sono state ottenute 10 specie di Phytophthora. Phytophthora limosa (primo report in Europa) e P. plurivora sono risultate le specie maggiormente diffuse nelle aree verdi dell’isola. I risultati ottenuti evidenziano un quadro eziologico estremamente complesso caratterizzato dalla presenza di più patogeni anche sulla stessa pianta. Ciò sta causando una moria diffusa di piante con gravi rischi anche per la sicurezza di persone e cose. Il rinvenimento di 9 specie di Botryosphaeriaceae e 10 specie di Phytophthora in una piccola area geografica come quella oggetto di indagine suggerisce che questi organismi fitopatogeni sono stati introdotti attraverso materiale vegetale infetto.
Funghi e oomiceti coinvolti nel deperimento delle alberature ornamentali dell’isola di Albarella (RO)
PICCIONI, MATTIA
2023/2024
Abstract
The island of Albarella, located in the municipality of Rosolina (Rovigo), falls within the Po Delta Regional Park. The area, with a high tourist vocation, is characterized by pine forests and different Mediterranean scrub species. The island also includes street trees and gardens made with various ornamental species such as laurel (Laurus nobilis), cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus), white poplar (Populus alba), black pine (Pinus nigra), English oak (Quercus robur), plane tree (Platanus spp.) and magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora). During 2023, severe decline phenomena and sudden death of both tree and shrub species were observed throughout the island. Given the landscape and economic importance of the green areas of the island, a in deep study was conducted to establish the causes of these phenomena. To this end, since autumn 2023, a phytosanitary monitoring has been conducted in 26 micro-areas of the island chosen based on the spread of disease outbreaks. A total of 91 samples of soil, rhizosphere and necrotic tissues were collected from 16 species for laboratory diagnostic analyses. From the collected samples, 99 colonies belonging to 10 species of oomycetes and 14 species of ascomycetes fungi were isolated in pure culture, two of which were new to science. In particular, 9 fungal species belonging to the Botryosphaeriaceae family were obtained from samples taken from symptomatic branches. Among these, Diplodia sapinea and D. corticola were isolated with a high frequency. Ten species of Phytophthora were obtained from the soil and rhizosphere samples. Phytophthora limosa (first report in Europe) and P. plurivora were found to be the most widespread species in the green areas of the island. The results obtained highlight a very complex aetiology characterized by the presence of multiple pathogens even on the same plant. The widespread occurrence of outbreaks represents a serious risk for the safety of people and things. The discovery of 9 species of Botryosphaeriaceae and 10 species of Phytophthora in a small geographical area such as the one under investigation suggests that these phytopathogenic organisms were introduced through infected plant material.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/80364