Background: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the global leading cause of total mortality, often associated with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Inclisiran, a small interfering double strand RNA which blocks PCSK9 protein translation, provides significant and sustained LDL-C reduction, enhancing lipid control in high cardiovascular risk patients. Aim of the study: the main aim of this monocentric study is to evaluate the efficacy of inclisiran in reducing LDL-C levels, assess its safety profile, and identify key predictors of therapeutic response in a real-world clinical setting. Materials and Methods: a total of 51 patients treated with inclisiran were enrolled in a single Italian center. The primary endpoints included the percentage reduction in LDL-C levels from baseline and the proportion of patients achieving the LDL-C target of <55 mg/dL at 3 and 9 months. Comparative analyses were performed between patients with and without concomitant statin + ezetimibe therapy and between those with and without prior exposure to PCSK9 inhibitors. Results: among 51 patients enrolled in a single Italian center, 45 (88.2%) completed three-months and 23 (45.1%) nine-months follow-up. In the 45 patients with three-months follow-up, median percentage LDL-C reduction was 51.31% (Q1, Q3 37.59, 64.49) with 62.2% of very high-risk patients reaching the <55 mg/dL LDL-C target. In the 23 patients with nine-months follow-up, median LDL-C reduction was 51.26% (Q1, Q3 20, 67.09) and 52.17% of patients reached the <55 mg/ LDL-C goal. Among the 45 patients with three-months follow-up, median LDL-C percentage reduction was 54.49% (Q1, Q3 48.57, 69.33) in those receiving concomitant statin ± ezetimibe therapy (n=28) and 39.29% (Q1, Q3 8.97, 51.90) in those without (n=17) (p = 0.009). In addition, median LDL-C percentage reduction was significantly lower in patients with previous exposure to PCSK9i compared to those without (23.53% vs 60.56%; p = 0.036). Furthermore, at multivariate analysis statin + ezetimibe combination (OR: 12.63; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with the achievement of the LDL-C target. Conclusions: inclisiran effectively reduces LDL-C in a real-world setting obtaining the achievement of LDL-C target in the majority of patients, with no significant side effects and greater efficacy when used in combination with statins.
Contesto: la malattia cardiovascolare aterosclerotica (ASCVD) rappresenta la principale causa di mortalità a livello globale, spesso associata a livelli elevati di colesterolo LDL (LDL-C). Inclisiran, una corta catena di RNA a doppio filamento che “interferisce” con il RNA messaggero cellulare che traduce la proteina PCSK9, offre riduzioni significative e sostenute dei livelli di LDL-C, migliorando il controllo lipidico nei pazienti ad elevato rischio cardiovascolare. Obiettivi: gli obiettivi principali di questo studio monocentrico sono valutare l’efficacia di inclisiran nella riduzione dei livelli di LDL-C, analizzare il profilo di sicurezza e identificare i principali fattori predittivi di risposta terapeutica in un contesto clinico reale. Materiali e Metodi: sono stati analizzati 51 pazienti arruolati in un singolo centro italiano trattati con inclisiran. Gli endpoint principali includevano la riduzione percentuale di LDL-C rispetto ai valori basali e la percentuale di pazienti che hanno raggiunto il target LDL-C <55 mg/dL a 3 e 9 mesi. Sono state condotte analisi comparative tra pazienti con e senza terapia concomitante statine + ezetimibe e tra pazienti con e senza pregressa esposizione a inibitori di PCSK9. Risultati: tra i 51 pazienti arruolati, 45 (88,2%) hanno completato il follow-up a tre mesi e 23 (45,1%) a nove mesi. Tra i primi, la riduzione mediana percentuale di LDL-C è stata del 51,31% (Q1, Q3: 37,59, 64,49) con il 62,2% dei pazienti a rischio molto alto che ha raggiunto il target LDL-C <55 mg/dL. Tra i 23 pazienti al follow-up di nove mesi, la riduzione mediana di LDL-C è stata del 51,26% (Q1, Q3: 20, 67,09), con il 52,17% che ha raggiunto il target LDL-C <55 mg/dL. Tra i 45 pazienti al follow up di 3 mesi, la riduzione mediana di LDL-C è stata del 54,49% (Q1, Q3: 48,57, 69,33) tra coloro assumevano statine + ezetimibe (n=28), rispetto al 39,29% (Q1, Q3: 8,97, 51,90) di quelli senza terapia di associazione (n=17; p=0,009). La riduzione di LDL-C è risultata significativamente inferiore nei pazienti con precedente esposizione a PCSK9i rispetto a quelli senza (23,53% vs 60,56%; p=0,036). Inoltre, l'analisi multivariata ha evidenziato che la combinazione statine+ezetimibe (OR: 12,63; p<0,001) è significativamente associata al raggiungimento del target LDL-C. Conclusioni: inclisiran si è dimostrato efficace nella riduzione del LDL-C in un contesto clinico reale, garantendo il raggiungimento del target LDL-C nella maggior parte dei pazienti, senza effetti collaterali significativi e con maggiore efficacia quando usato in combinazione con terapia statinica.
Silenziamento genico nel trattamento della ipercolesterolemia: real world data nei pazienti ad elevato rischio cardiovascolare
NORI, MICHELE
2022/2023
Abstract
Background: atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the global leading cause of total mortality, often associated with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. Inclisiran, a small interfering double strand RNA which blocks PCSK9 protein translation, provides significant and sustained LDL-C reduction, enhancing lipid control in high cardiovascular risk patients. Aim of the study: the main aim of this monocentric study is to evaluate the efficacy of inclisiran in reducing LDL-C levels, assess its safety profile, and identify key predictors of therapeutic response in a real-world clinical setting. Materials and Methods: a total of 51 patients treated with inclisiran were enrolled in a single Italian center. The primary endpoints included the percentage reduction in LDL-C levels from baseline and the proportion of patients achieving the LDL-C target of <55 mg/dL at 3 and 9 months. Comparative analyses were performed between patients with and without concomitant statin + ezetimibe therapy and between those with and without prior exposure to PCSK9 inhibitors. Results: among 51 patients enrolled in a single Italian center, 45 (88.2%) completed three-months and 23 (45.1%) nine-months follow-up. In the 45 patients with three-months follow-up, median percentage LDL-C reduction was 51.31% (Q1, Q3 37.59, 64.49) with 62.2% of very high-risk patients reaching the <55 mg/dL LDL-C target. In the 23 patients with nine-months follow-up, median LDL-C reduction was 51.26% (Q1, Q3 20, 67.09) and 52.17% of patients reached the <55 mg/ LDL-C goal. Among the 45 patients with three-months follow-up, median LDL-C percentage reduction was 54.49% (Q1, Q3 48.57, 69.33) in those receiving concomitant statin ± ezetimibe therapy (n=28) and 39.29% (Q1, Q3 8.97, 51.90) in those without (n=17) (p = 0.009). In addition, median LDL-C percentage reduction was significantly lower in patients with previous exposure to PCSK9i compared to those without (23.53% vs 60.56%; p = 0.036). Furthermore, at multivariate analysis statin + ezetimibe combination (OR: 12.63; p < 0.001) was significantly associated with the achievement of the LDL-C target. Conclusions: inclisiran effectively reduces LDL-C in a real-world setting obtaining the achievement of LDL-C target in the majority of patients, with no significant side effects and greater efficacy when used in combination with statins.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/81322