Ottimizzazione delle diete per i pesci di allevamento: verso un’alimentazione più sostenibile

Aquaculture is emerging as a solution to meet the rising global demand for seafood products, alleviating pressure on wild stocks and contributing to food security. Key farming systems and feeding strategies are essential to the sector success, particularly regarding the use of traditional ingredients based on wild-caught fish, such as fishmeal and fish oil. These ingredients, undoubtedly valued for their high nutritional content, present significant environmental challenges, such as overfishing and resource depletion. Sustainability in aquaculture has gained increasing attention, with efforts focused on minimizing environmental impacts and adhering to international and local regulations. Research and innovation have introduced alternative nutrient sources, including plant proteins, insect-based meals, agro-industrial by-products, and microalgae. These alternatives are evaluated for their nutritional benefits, ecological footprint, cost-effectiveness, and their impact on fish growth and health. Integrating these alternatives into aquaculture systems valorises up-cycling opportunities and reduces resources depletion while maintaining product yield and quality. Addressing challenges such as economic feasibility, consumer acceptance, and regulatory compliance will be crucial for the sector evolution toward more responsible practices and a reduced ecological footprint. Future advancements in feed formulations and production technologies will play a pivotal role in shaping the future of sustainable aquaculture.