Introduction. The pelvic floor is a musculo-ligamentous structure that ensures essential functions such as continence, micturition and defecation, supports the abdominal-pelvic organs and a proper sexual function. A dysfunction in this area leads to a series of symptoms related to the lower urinary tract (urinary incontinence, frequency, urgency, intermittent stream, incomplete emptying), intestinal functionality (fecal incontinence, urgency, prolapse, constipation), sexual dysfunctions (dyspareunia and vulvodynia), and chronic pelvic pain. The main risk factors are pregnancy and vaginal delivery, menopause, iatrogenic factors such as hysterectomy, obesity and overweight (due to increased intra-abdominal pressure), as well as constipation, gender and age, intense physical activity, and radiotherapy. Rehabilitation of pelvic floor disorders mainly consists of therapeutic exercise, which involves performing contraction/relaxation exercises of the pelvic floor without compensation from other muscles ("isolability"). The use of self-administered evaluation scales, with the assistance of a professional, is important for assessing the severity and the impact of urinary disorders on the quality of life of patients with pelvic floor dysfunction. Among these, the most commonly used are the ICIQ (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire) in its short form (SF) and QoL (Quality of Life) version. Aim of the study. The aim of the study is to evaluate, through the use of self-administered evaluation scales for the patients, the impact and severity of urinary disorders on the quality of life before and after rehabilitative treatment and subsequently, to assess the changes in symptoms at the end of the treatment. Materials and Methods. The study involves recruiting at least 15 women with pelvic floor dysfunction who will undergo a course of functional rehabilitation consisting of 10 sessions led by a physiotherapist specialized in pelvic floor treatment. Patients will be administered evaluation scales (ICIQ-SF and ICIQ-LUTSqol) before and after the rehabilitative treatment cycle. The results will be analyzed statistically to determine whether the differences between the parameters before and after treatment are statistically significant Conclusions. The questionnaires used are a valid tool for quantifying the impact and severity of urogynecological symptoms, and their ease of understanding by the patients and administration makes them useful in daily outpatient practice. The data obtained from the evaluation scales allow for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitative treatment when administered before and after the treatment itself.
Introduzione. Il pavimento pelvico è una struttura muscolo-ligamentosa che garantisce funzioni essenziali come la continenza, la minzione e la defecazione, il supporto agli organi addomino-pelvici e una corretta funzione sessuale. Una sua disfunzione determina una serie di sintomi che si riferiscono alle basse vie urinarie (incontinenza urinaria, frequenza, urgenza, mitto intermittente, incompleto svuotamento), alla funzionalità intestinale (incontinenza fecale, urgenza, prolasso, costipazione), a disfunzioni sessuali (dispareunia e vulvodinia) e a dolore pelvico cronico. I principali fattori di rischio sono gravidanza e parto vaginale, menopausa, fattori iatrogeni come l’isterectomia; obesità e sovrappeso (per l’aumento della pressione intra-addominale) così come la costipazione; sesso ed età; attività sportiva intensa; radioterapia. La riabilitazione nelle patologie del pavimento pelvico si compone principalmente di esercizio terapeutico che prevede l’esecuzione di esercizi di contrazione/rilasciamento del pavimento pelvico senza compenso da parte di altri muscoli (“isolabilità”). L’utilizzo di scale di valutazione che vengono autosomministrate alle pazienti (con aiuto del professionista) è importante per valutare la severità e l’impatto che i disturbi urinari hanno a livello della qualità di vita delle pazienti con disfunzioni del pavimento pelvico. Tra queste, tra le più utilizzate sono la ICIQ (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire) nella sua forma breve (SF short form) e nella forma QoL (Quality of Life). Scopo dello studio. L’obiettivo dello studio è quello di valutare, tramite l’utilizzo di scale di valutazione autosomministrate alle pazienti, l’impatto e la severità dei disturbi urinari nella qualità di vita prima e dopo il trattamento riabilitativo e successivamente, valutare le modifiche nella sintomatologia al termine del trattamento stesso. Materiali e metodi. Lo studio prevede il reclutamento di almeno 15 donne con disfunzione del pavimento pelvico che verranno sottoposte ad un ciclo di riabilitazione funzionale che si sviluppa in 10 sedute guidate da fisioterapista esperto in trattamento del pavimento pelvico. Alle pazienti verranno somministrate scale di valutazione (ICIQ-SF e ICIQ-LUTSqol) prima e dopo il ciclo di trattamento riabilitativo. I risultati ottenuti verranno indagati mediante analisi statistica in modo da valutare se le differenze tra i parametri prima e dopo il trattamento risulteranno statisticamente significative. Conclusioni. I questionari utilizzati sono uno strumento valido per quantificare l’impatto e la severità della sintomatologia uro-ginecologica, e la loro facilità sia di comprensione da parte delle pazienti che di somministrazione li rende utili nella pratica ambulatoriale quotidiana. I dati ottenuti tramite le scale di valutazione permettono di verificare l’efficacia del trattamento riabilitativo, se proposte prima e dopo il trattamento stesso.
Valutazione della qualità di vita in pazienti con incontinenza urinaria prima e dopo rieducazione del pavimento pelvico
VENTURIN, CHIARA
2022/2023
Abstract
Introduction. The pelvic floor is a musculo-ligamentous structure that ensures essential functions such as continence, micturition and defecation, supports the abdominal-pelvic organs and a proper sexual function. A dysfunction in this area leads to a series of symptoms related to the lower urinary tract (urinary incontinence, frequency, urgency, intermittent stream, incomplete emptying), intestinal functionality (fecal incontinence, urgency, prolapse, constipation), sexual dysfunctions (dyspareunia and vulvodynia), and chronic pelvic pain. The main risk factors are pregnancy and vaginal delivery, menopause, iatrogenic factors such as hysterectomy, obesity and overweight (due to increased intra-abdominal pressure), as well as constipation, gender and age, intense physical activity, and radiotherapy. Rehabilitation of pelvic floor disorders mainly consists of therapeutic exercise, which involves performing contraction/relaxation exercises of the pelvic floor without compensation from other muscles ("isolability"). The use of self-administered evaluation scales, with the assistance of a professional, is important for assessing the severity and the impact of urinary disorders on the quality of life of patients with pelvic floor dysfunction. Among these, the most commonly used are the ICIQ (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire) in its short form (SF) and QoL (Quality of Life) version. Aim of the study. The aim of the study is to evaluate, through the use of self-administered evaluation scales for the patients, the impact and severity of urinary disorders on the quality of life before and after rehabilitative treatment and subsequently, to assess the changes in symptoms at the end of the treatment. Materials and Methods. The study involves recruiting at least 15 women with pelvic floor dysfunction who will undergo a course of functional rehabilitation consisting of 10 sessions led by a physiotherapist specialized in pelvic floor treatment. Patients will be administered evaluation scales (ICIQ-SF and ICIQ-LUTSqol) before and after the rehabilitative treatment cycle. The results will be analyzed statistically to determine whether the differences between the parameters before and after treatment are statistically significant Conclusions. The questionnaires used are a valid tool for quantifying the impact and severity of urogynecological symptoms, and their ease of understanding by the patients and administration makes them useful in daily outpatient practice. The data obtained from the evaluation scales allow for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitative treatment when administered before and after the treatment itself.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/82030