Design and Implementation of a Custom Control System for Microgrid Management

This master thesis presents the development of an advanced control system utilizing a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) for managing a microgrid system at Tech.Pa SPA. The primary objective is to achieve complete energy independence from the main electrical grid by optimizing the use of integrated renewable energy sources, including a photovoltaic (PV) plant and two wind turbines, complemented by a diesel generator and an energy storage system. The control system is designed to coordinate these diverse energy sources, ensuring a reliable and efficient energy supply. The PLC-based control system dynamically manages power generation and consumption, addressing fluctuations in energy production caused by variable weather conditions and load demands. It prioritizes the use of renewable energy, while strategically deploying the diesel generator and energy storage system to maintain grid stability and meet energy demands during periods of low renewable output or high consumption. Key features of the control system include real-time monitoring, adaptive control algorithms for energy dispatch, load balancing, and state-of-charge management of the storage system. The control strategy leverages adaptive techniques to optimize the microgrid’s performance, minimize operational costs, and reduce environmental impact. The thesis encompasses the design, implementation, and validation of the PLC control system through extensive simulations and field testing conducted at Tech.Pa SPA. The results demonstrate significant improvements in energy efficiency, operational autonomy, and sustainability, showcasing the potential of such integrated control systems in advancing energy management solutions for industrial applications.