In recent years, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have grown increasingly popular, driven by efforts to protect the Earth's environment and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. To foster the growth of EVs, a robust charging infrastructure is essential, and many governments and companies globally are working towards this goal. Power Electronics is a key to develop power-dense and highly efficient EV chargers, though achieving this is challenging due to the wide output voltage range required to accommodate the battery specifications of various car manufacturers, typically ranging from 200V to 1000V. EV On-Board Chargers have been analysed, implemented and built in various configurations, but typically two series-connected converter stages are employed. The first is a non-isolated Power Factor Correction (PFC) rectifier front-end, responsible for maintaining sinusoidal and phased with voltages the input currents, not to forget its aim at a PF ~ 1. The second can be a both isolated, or non-isolated DC/DC converter stage that regulates the output voltage to control the charging process. This thesis work focuses on the study and the analyses of this two-stage configuration by investigating topological solutions and control methods, specifically exploring the NIOBC topology.
Negli ultimi anni, i Veicoli Elettrici (EV) sono diventati sempre più popolari, spinti dagli sforzi per proteggere l'ambiente e ridurre la dipendenza dai combustibili fossili. Per favorire la crescita dei veicoli elettrici, è essenziale una robusta infrastruttura di ricarica, e molti governi e aziende a livello globale stanno lavorando verso questo obiettivo. L'elettronica di potenza è fondamentale per sviluppare caricatori per veicoli elettrici ad alta efficienza e densità di potenza (PD), anche se questo risulta essere complesso a causa dell'ampio intervallo di tensione in uscita necessario per soddisfare le specifiche delle batterie di vari produttori di automobili, che solitamente varia da circa 200 V a circa 1000 V. Gli On-Board Charger (OBC) per veicoli elettrici sono stati analizzati, implementati e costruiti in varie configurazioni, ma generalmente vengono impiegati due stadi convertitori collegati in serie. Il primo è un PFC front-end non isolato, responsabile del mantenimento delle correnti di ingresso sinusoidali e in fase con le tensioni, con l'obiettivo di raggiungere un fattore di potenza PF ~ 1. Il secondo é uno stadio DC/DC isolato, o non isolato, che regola la tensione di uscita per controllare il processo di ricarica. Questo lavoro di tesi si concentra sull'ottimizzazione di questa configurazione a due stadi, indagando soluzioni topologiche e metodi di controllo, esplorando in particolare la topologia Non-Isolated On-Board Charger (NIOBC).
Simulations and Development of a Non-Isolated On-Board Charger for Automotive Application
CICCHETTI, NICOLA
2024/2025
Abstract
In recent years, Electric Vehicles (EVs) have grown increasingly popular, driven by efforts to protect the Earth's environment and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. To foster the growth of EVs, a robust charging infrastructure is essential, and many governments and companies globally are working towards this goal. Power Electronics is a key to develop power-dense and highly efficient EV chargers, though achieving this is challenging due to the wide output voltage range required to accommodate the battery specifications of various car manufacturers, typically ranging from 200V to 1000V. EV On-Board Chargers have been analysed, implemented and built in various configurations, but typically two series-connected converter stages are employed. The first is a non-isolated Power Factor Correction (PFC) rectifier front-end, responsible for maintaining sinusoidal and phased with voltages the input currents, not to forget its aim at a PF ~ 1. The second can be a both isolated, or non-isolated DC/DC converter stage that regulates the output voltage to control the charging process. This thesis work focuses on the study and the analyses of this two-stage configuration by investigating topological solutions and control methods, specifically exploring the NIOBC topology.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/83038