The digital economy has radically transformed the operational dynamics of companies, introducing new models that redefine traditional value chains. However, this evolution has called into question the founding principles of tax systems, historically designed to ensure fairness and prevent tax distortions in international markets. The paper analyses the challenges that digitalisation poses to tax regimes, focusing on issues such as tax planning, avoidance and evasion, with particular attention to the implications arising from the activities of influencers: a new category of digital professionals. The paper examines how the income generated by these activities, both in monetary form and in the form of #gifted or services offered free of charge), raises questions about their correct taxation. The need for regulatory intervention is highlighted, both at national and international level, to adequately regulate these new forms of tax capacity, ensuring fairness and tax transparency. Finally, the paper explores international initiatives such as the OECD Pillar One and Pillar Two projects and national instruments such as the Digital Services Tax (Web Tax), assessing their effectiveness in responding to the challenges posed by globalization and the digitalization of the economy. These proposals aim to create a fairer tax system, capable of adapting to an ever-changing economic landscape.
L’economia digitale ha trasformato radicalmente le dinamiche operative delle imprese, introducendo nuovi modelli che ridefiniscono le catene del valore tradizionali. Tuttavia, questa evoluzione ha messo in discussione i principi fondanti dei sistemi fiscali, storicamente concepiti per garantire equità e prevenire distorsioni fiscali nei mercati internazionali. L’elaborato analizza le sfide che la digitalizzazione pone ai regimi fiscali, concentrandosi su problematiche quali pianificazione fiscale, elusione ed evasione, con particolare attenzione alle implicazioni derivanti dalle attività degli influencer: una nuova categoria di professionisti digitali. Il lavoro esamina come i redditi generati da queste attività, sia in forma monetaria sia sotto forma di #gifted o servizi offerti a titolo gratuito), sollevino interrogativi sulla loro corretta tassazione. Viene evidenziata la necessità di un intervento normativo, sia a livello nazionale che internazionale, per disciplinare adeguatamente queste nuove forme di capacità contributiva, garantendo equità e trasparenza fiscale. Infine, l’elaborato esplora iniziative internazionali come i progetti “Pillar One” e “Pillar Two” dell’OCSE e strumenti nazionali come la Digital Services Tax (Web Tax), valutandone l’efficacia nel rispondere alle sfide poste dalla globalizzazione e dalla digitalizzazione dell’economia. Tali proposte mirano a creare un sistema fiscale più equo, capace di adattarsi a un panorama economico in continua evoluzione.
TRA PROFITTI E STRATEGIE: MULTINAZIONALI E INFLUENCER NELL'ERA DELL'ECONOMIA DIGITALE
BERLINGERI, LUDOVICA
2024/2025
Abstract
The digital economy has radically transformed the operational dynamics of companies, introducing new models that redefine traditional value chains. However, this evolution has called into question the founding principles of tax systems, historically designed to ensure fairness and prevent tax distortions in international markets. The paper analyses the challenges that digitalisation poses to tax regimes, focusing on issues such as tax planning, avoidance and evasion, with particular attention to the implications arising from the activities of influencers: a new category of digital professionals. The paper examines how the income generated by these activities, both in monetary form and in the form of #gifted or services offered free of charge), raises questions about their correct taxation. The need for regulatory intervention is highlighted, both at national and international level, to adequately regulate these new forms of tax capacity, ensuring fairness and tax transparency. Finally, the paper explores international initiatives such as the OECD Pillar One and Pillar Two projects and national instruments such as the Digital Services Tax (Web Tax), assessing their effectiveness in responding to the challenges posed by globalization and the digitalization of the economy. These proposals aim to create a fairer tax system, capable of adapting to an ever-changing economic landscape.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/83095