The role of microbiome and melatonin priming on seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa) seed germination and plant development

Seagrasses are vital marine angiosperms that form extensive underwater meadows, providing numerous ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, coastal protection, and serving as critical habitats for diverse marine species. Despite their ecological importance, seagrass meadows are increasingly threatened by climate change, pollution, and habitat destruction. This thesis provides an overview of seagrass biology, global distribution, ecosystem services, and the main drivers of their degradation. The focus is then narrowed to the species Cymodocea nodosa, a key component of seagrass ecosystems in temperate and tropical regions. The study aimed to investigate whether the manipulation of the seagrass microbiome and a chemical priming treatment using melatonin—a hormone known for its antioxidant and stress-mitigating properties—affect seed germination rates and subsequent plant development. Specifically, the research evaluated how these interventions influence plant size and the achievement of the final developmental stage. Results from this work provide insights into innovative strategies for enhancing the resilience and restoration of seagrass ecosystems in a changing marine environment.