Nowadays, chemical elements better known as rare earths elements are increasingly required for various technological applications. Given the difficulty of obtaining them on Earth, the extraction of these elements from other celestial bodies, particularly the Moon, represents an increasingly interesting opportunity. This thesis presents an innovative optical system designed to constitute a camera to be mounted on a lunar rover swarm, capable of combining two main functions into a single instrument: on the one hand, it allows for a three-dimensional scan of the lunar surface by acquiring images of the same target from different angles; on the other hand, it allows multispectral analysis through the use of linear variable filters. The aim of this system is to determine both the shape and the chemical composition of the terrain, in order to identify the most promising areas for future mining extractions on our satellite. This thesis illustrates the general scientific principles on which this system is based, followed by a description of the logical process of design and optimization of the optical system, carried out using ray tracing software, and concluding with the presentation of the obtained final results.
Ai giorni nostri, gli elementi chimici meglio noti come terre rare sono sempre più richiesti per diverse applicazioni tecnologiche. Data la difficoltà nel reperirli sulla Terra, l'estrazione di questi elementi da altri corpi celesti, in particolare dalla Luna, rappresenta un'opportunità sempre più interessante. Questa tesi presenta un innovativo sistema ottico progettato per costituire una telecamera da montare su uno sciame di rover lunari, in grado di combinare due funzioni principali in un unico strumento: da un lato, consente una scansione tridimensionale della superficie lunare acquisendo immagini dello stesso bersaglio da diverse angolazioni; dall'altro, consente un'analisi multispettrale tramite l'uso di filtri lineari variabili. L'obiettivo di questo sistema è quello di determinare sia la forma che la composizione chimica del terreno, al fine di individuare le aree più promettenti per le future estrazioni minerarie sul nostro satellite. Questa tesi illustra i principi scientifici generali su cui si basa questo sistema, seguiti dalla descrizione del processo logico di progettazione e ottimizzazione del sistema ottico, mediante un software di ray tracing, e concludendo con la presentazione dei risultati finali ottenuti.
Optical design of a camera system for lunar rover swarm
SAMBO, MATTIA
2024/2025
Abstract
Nowadays, chemical elements better known as rare earths elements are increasingly required for various technological applications. Given the difficulty of obtaining them on Earth, the extraction of these elements from other celestial bodies, particularly the Moon, represents an increasingly interesting opportunity. This thesis presents an innovative optical system designed to constitute a camera to be mounted on a lunar rover swarm, capable of combining two main functions into a single instrument: on the one hand, it allows for a three-dimensional scan of the lunar surface by acquiring images of the same target from different angles; on the other hand, it allows multispectral analysis through the use of linear variable filters. The aim of this system is to determine both the shape and the chemical composition of the terrain, in order to identify the most promising areas for future mining extractions on our satellite. This thesis illustrates the general scientific principles on which this system is based, followed by a description of the logical process of design and optimization of the optical system, carried out using ray tracing software, and concluding with the presentation of the obtained final results.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/84458