The growing environmental concern associated with plastic pollution and fossil-based materials has driven interest toward biodegradable and bio-based alternatives. In this context, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) have emerged as valuable intermediates for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a promising class of bioplastics. This thesis investigates the anaerobic fermentation of wastewater generated from fava bean (Vicia faba) protein extraction, aiming to produce VFAs suitable for PHA synthesis. The experimental work was conducted within the Eiwit van Columbus project, at the Biobased Resources & Energy (BRE) group of MNext, a research center of expertise affiliated with AVANS University of Applied Sciences in Breda, the Netherlands. Batch and semi continuous fermentation trials were carried out to evaluate the influence of key operational parameters, particularly pH, nutrient concentration and hydraulic retention time, on VFA production. Ion Chromatography and HPLC analysis were employed to quantify and characterize the VFA profile under different conditions. The results demonstrated that pH 6 favored higher VFA yields, with acetic and butyric acids as dominant components. The most promising fermentation broth was then used to cultivate mixed microbial cultures capable of accumulating PHAs. The two-stage process enrichment followed by accumulation, allowed for the evaluation of the suitability of the substrate and operational strategies. The study highlights the potential of valorizing agro industrial wastewater for the sustainable production of bioplastics, promoting circularity within the agri-food sector and reducing reliance on petrochemical resources.
La crescente preoccupazione ambientale associata all'inquinamento da plastica e ai materiali di origine fossile ha spinto l'interesse verso alternative biodegradabili e di origine biologica. In questo contesto, gli acidi grassi volatili (AGV) si sono affermati come preziosi intermedi per la produzione di poliidrossialcanoati (PHA), una promettente classe di bioplastiche. Questa tesi studia la fermentazione anaerobica delle acque reflue generate dall'estrazione delle proteine della fava (Vicia faba), con l'obiettivo di produrre AGV adatti alla sintesi di PHA. Il lavoro sperimentale è stato condotto nell'ambito del progetto Eiwit van Columbus, presso il gruppo Biobased Resources & Energy (BRE) di MNext, un centro di ricerca di eccellenza affiliato all'Università di Scienze Applicate AVANS di Breda, nei Paesi Bassi. Sono state condotte prove di fermentazione in batch e semi-continuo per valutare l'influenza di parametri operativi chiave, in particolare pH, concentrazione di nutrienti e tempo di ritenzione idraulica, sulla produzione di AGV. La cromatografia ionica e l'analisi HPLC sono state impiegate per quantificare e caratterizzare il profilo degli AGV in diverse condizioni. I risultati hanno dimostrato che un pH pari a 6 favoriva rese più elevate di acidi grassi volatili (VFA), con acido acetico e butirrico come componenti dominanti. Il brodo di fermentazione più promettente è stato quindi utilizzato per coltivare colture microbiche miste in grado di accumulare PHA. Il processo in due fasi, arricchimento seguito da accumulo, ha permesso di valutare l'idoneità del substrato e le strategie operative. Lo studio evidenzia il potenziale della valorizzazione delle acque reflue agroindustriali per la produzione sostenibile di bioplastiche, promuovendo la circolarità nel settore agroalimentare e riducendo la dipendenza dalle risorse petrolchimiche.
Production of Volatile Fatty Acids from the residue of fava bean protein extraction for the synthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates
SALVATORE, GIACOMO
2024/2025
Abstract
The growing environmental concern associated with plastic pollution and fossil-based materials has driven interest toward biodegradable and bio-based alternatives. In this context, volatile fatty acids (VFAs) have emerged as valuable intermediates for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a promising class of bioplastics. This thesis investigates the anaerobic fermentation of wastewater generated from fava bean (Vicia faba) protein extraction, aiming to produce VFAs suitable for PHA synthesis. The experimental work was conducted within the Eiwit van Columbus project, at the Biobased Resources & Energy (BRE) group of MNext, a research center of expertise affiliated with AVANS University of Applied Sciences in Breda, the Netherlands. Batch and semi continuous fermentation trials were carried out to evaluate the influence of key operational parameters, particularly pH, nutrient concentration and hydraulic retention time, on VFA production. Ion Chromatography and HPLC analysis were employed to quantify and characterize the VFA profile under different conditions. The results demonstrated that pH 6 favored higher VFA yields, with acetic and butyric acids as dominant components. The most promising fermentation broth was then used to cultivate mixed microbial cultures capable of accumulating PHAs. The two-stage process enrichment followed by accumulation, allowed for the evaluation of the suitability of the substrate and operational strategies. The study highlights the potential of valorizing agro industrial wastewater for the sustainable production of bioplastics, promoting circularity within the agri-food sector and reducing reliance on petrochemical resources.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/86891