The project developed consists on the design of a water treatment system to obtain high quality osmotic water intended for feeding a plant for pasta’s production, in particular cous cous, located in Algeria, Africa. The project has been designed and realized by Atlas Filtri, a Company located in the North of Italy, specialized in the production of several components related to water treatment, both for domestic and industrial purposes, and the design of reverse osmosis plants. Most of commercialized products include cartridges, realized in different materials, self-cleaning filters, anti-scale systems, industrial mass filters, UV sterilizers, water softeners and reverse osmosis plants. Starting from the analysis of the feed water and the technical and mechanical requests presented by the customer, numerous problems will be studied, and several solutions will be reported, with also possible alternatives, both from a technical and economical points of view. Since the raw water is influenced by the environment, the effects of it must be considered during the design, considering the possibility of several changes in temperature and water parameters, such as turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, oxygen dissolved and water hardness. In addition, also the geographical area where the plant will be installed has to be considered: once it has been placed, the installation, control and monitoring of it could be difficult. For these reasons, before designing, the worse data obtained from the water analysis will be considered, to work with “safety margin”. Then, comparing the data obtained by the water analysis with those reported in the Legislative Decree currently in force, the critical issues of water can be determined and consequently, the most appropriate water treatment plant can be proposed. Usually, a pre-treatment step is necessary to preserve the life and functionalities of the reverse osmosis membranes, with also the addition of specific chemical products to avoid scale formation and corrosion problems, enhancing the overall efficiency of the plant while reducing the energy consumptions. Thus, considering the inlet and outlet flowrates and the working pressures, together with the water analysis and environmental parameters, the plant can be designed, verifying that the obtained pure water parameters meet the costumer expectations, while respecting the regulations. Finally, an analysis of the total costs of the plant will be carried out, considering the final costs of the entire system, in terms of electrical consumption (taking into account the cost of electricity and the working time) and water consumption (considering the inlet flowrate), and the costs related to consumables, such as reverse osmosis membranes, water filtration cartridges, sterilizer filter, chemical products (…). In conclusion, it will be demonstrated that the purchase of the entire treatment system, fed by well water, is the best solution from a technical and economic point of view, compared with the purchase of a partial treatment system, fed by aqueduct potable water.
Il progetto sviluppato consiste nel dimensionamento di un sistema di trattamento acque per ottenere acqua osmotica di alta qualità destinata ad alimentare un impianto di produzione di pasta, in particolare cous cous, situato in Algeria, Africa. Il progetto è stato ideato e realizzato da Atlas Filtri, azienda del Nord Italia specializzata nella produzione di diversi componenti per il trattamento acque, sia per uso domestico che industriale, e nella progettazione di impianti a osmosi inversa. La maggior parte dei prodotti commercializzati include cartucce, realizzate in diversi materiali, filtri autopulenti, sistemi anticalcare, filtri industriali di massa, sterilizzatori UV, addolcitori e impianti a osmosi inversa. A partire dall'analisi dell'acqua di alimento e dalle richieste tecniche e meccaniche presentate dal cliente, verranno analizzate numerose problematiche e verranno illustrate diverse soluzioni, con possibili alternative, sia dal punto di vista tecnico che economico. Poiché l'acqua grezza è influenzata dall'ambiente, è necessario considerarne gli effetti in fase di progettazione, tenendo conto della possibilità di diverse variazioni di temperatura e di parametri dell'acqua, come torbidità, pH, conducibilità elettrica, ossigeno disciolto e durezza. Inoltre, è necessario considerare anche l'area geografica in cui verrà installato l'impianto, poichè l'installazione, il controllo e il monitoraggio potrebbero risultare difficoltosi. Per questi motivi, prima della progettazione, si considereranno i dati peggiori ottenuti dalle analisi dell'acqua, per operare con un "margine di sicurezza". Confrontando poi i dati ottenuti dalle analisi dell'acqua con quelli riportati nel Decreto Legislativo attualmente in vigore, è possibile individuare le criticità dell'acqua e, di conseguenza, proporre l'impianto di trattamento più appropriato. Solitamente, è necessaria una fase di pretrattamento per preservare la durata e la funzionalità delle membrane a osmosi inversa, con l'aggiunta di prodotti chimici specifici per evitare la formazione di calcare e problemi di corrosione, migliorando l'efficienza complessiva dell'impianto e riducendo al contempo i consumi energetici. Pertanto, considerando le portate in ingresso e in uscita e le pressioni di esercizio, insieme alle analisi dell'acqua e ai parametri ambientali, è possibile progettare l'impianto, verificando che i parametri dell'acqua pura ottenuta soddisfino le aspettative del cliente, nel rispetto delle normative vigenti. Infine, verrà effettuata un'analisi dei costi totali dell'impianto, considerando i costi finali dell'intero sistema, in termini di consumo elettrico (considerando il costo dell'elettricità e il tempo di funzionamento) e consumo idrico (considerando la portata in ingresso), e i costi relativi ai materiali di consumo, come membrane a osmosi inversa, cartucce di filtrazione dell'acqua, filtro sterilizzatore, prodotti chimici (…). In conclusione, verrà dimostrato che l'acquisto dell'intero sistema di trattamento, alimentato da acqua di pozzo, rappresenta la soluzione migliore dal punto di vista tecnico ed economico, rispetto all'acquisto di un sistema di trattamento parziale, alimentato da acqua potabile di acquedotto.
Design and optimization of a water treatment plant for producing high quality osmotic water in the food industry
TONIOLO, REBECCA
2024/2025
Abstract
The project developed consists on the design of a water treatment system to obtain high quality osmotic water intended for feeding a plant for pasta’s production, in particular cous cous, located in Algeria, Africa. The project has been designed and realized by Atlas Filtri, a Company located in the North of Italy, specialized in the production of several components related to water treatment, both for domestic and industrial purposes, and the design of reverse osmosis plants. Most of commercialized products include cartridges, realized in different materials, self-cleaning filters, anti-scale systems, industrial mass filters, UV sterilizers, water softeners and reverse osmosis plants. Starting from the analysis of the feed water and the technical and mechanical requests presented by the customer, numerous problems will be studied, and several solutions will be reported, with also possible alternatives, both from a technical and economical points of view. Since the raw water is influenced by the environment, the effects of it must be considered during the design, considering the possibility of several changes in temperature and water parameters, such as turbidity, pH, electrical conductivity, oxygen dissolved and water hardness. In addition, also the geographical area where the plant will be installed has to be considered: once it has been placed, the installation, control and monitoring of it could be difficult. For these reasons, before designing, the worse data obtained from the water analysis will be considered, to work with “safety margin”. Then, comparing the data obtained by the water analysis with those reported in the Legislative Decree currently in force, the critical issues of water can be determined and consequently, the most appropriate water treatment plant can be proposed. Usually, a pre-treatment step is necessary to preserve the life and functionalities of the reverse osmosis membranes, with also the addition of specific chemical products to avoid scale formation and corrosion problems, enhancing the overall efficiency of the plant while reducing the energy consumptions. Thus, considering the inlet and outlet flowrates and the working pressures, together with the water analysis and environmental parameters, the plant can be designed, verifying that the obtained pure water parameters meet the costumer expectations, while respecting the regulations. Finally, an analysis of the total costs of the plant will be carried out, considering the final costs of the entire system, in terms of electrical consumption (taking into account the cost of electricity and the working time) and water consumption (considering the inlet flowrate), and the costs related to consumables, such as reverse osmosis membranes, water filtration cartridges, sterilizer filter, chemical products (…). In conclusion, it will be demonstrated that the purchase of the entire treatment system, fed by well water, is the best solution from a technical and economic point of view, compared with the purchase of a partial treatment system, fed by aqueduct potable water.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/87028