Invasive alien species represent an increasingly significant threat to the environment and ecosystems. They spread rapidly and can invade protected habitats, posing a risk to native species. Invasive alien plant species often exhibit the ability to thrive in polluted, degraded, and nutrient-poor environments. Major pathways for their spread include heavily anthropized areas such as cities, transport corridors like rivers, and infrastructure networks such as roads and railways. One such species is black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Although this species is exotic and invasive, it is now naturalized in many parts of the world. In Italy, black locust stands are frequently found along railway corridors. This is due both to historical plantings intended to stabilize embankments during railway construction, and to subsequent spontaneous propagation of the species. Despite its invasive nature, in these environments—characterized by strong anthropogenic pressures—where other tree species may struggle to establish, black locust can contribute positively to the formation of ecological corridors. These linear infrastructures are also frequently associated with elevated levels of heavy metals, mainly due to traffic-related processes (both from road and rail systems). This highlights the potential role of black locust in phytoremediation. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between black locust and soil-borne heavy metals originating from railway traffic. Specifically, the study explores how these pollutants affect plant growth and to what extent the species is capable of assimilating soil heavy metals into its aboveground biomass, thereby contributing to phytoremediation. The research was conducted along selected railway lines in the Veneto region of Italy. A total of 42 sampling sites were identified, distributed across both primary and secondary electrified railway lines. The study includes chemical analyses of black locust leaves as well as dendrochemical and dendrochronological analyses of increment cores extracted from the trunk. Sampling was carried out in July 2024. This work represents a continuation of a previous study conducted in 2023 on railway vegetation and soil pollution along railway corridors in the Veneto region.
Le specie esotiche invasive rappresentano un problema sempre più grande per l’ambiente e gli ecosistemi. Si propagano molto rapidamente e possono invadere habitat protetti minacciando le specie autoctone. Le specie vegetali esotiche invasive spesso hanno la capacità di svilupparsi anche in ambienti inquinati, degradati e poveri di nutrienti. Le principali vie di diffusione sono ambienti fortemente antropizzati come le città, i corridoi di trasporto come fiumi e infrastrutture viarie come strade e ferrovie. Una di queste specie è Robinia pseudoacacia L.. Per quanto questa specie sia esotica e invasiva, oggigiorno è naturalizza in molte parti del mondo. In Italia, le formazioni di robinia sono spesso presenti lungo i corridoi ferroviari. Questo è dovuto sia agli impianti del passato per il consolidamento delle scarpate in fase di costruzione, che per successiva propagazione spontanea della specie. Malgrado la sua invasività, in questi ambienti oggetto di forti pressioni antropiche laddove altre specie arboree possono avere difficoltà ad affermarsi, può contribuire positivamente alla formazione di corridoi ecologici. In questi contesti lungo le infrastrutture viarie sono spesso inoltre registrati elevati livelli di metalli pesanti legati a processi connessi al traffico (sia su ruota lungo le strade che lungo le linee ferroviarie), è pertanto da sottolineare il potenziale ruolo della specie per il fitorimedio. Lo scopo del presente studio è studiare la relazione che sussiste tra la robinia e i metalli pesanti presenti al suolo rilasciati dai processi legati al traffico ferroviario. Quanto questi influiscano sulla crescita della pianta e quanto questa specie riesca ad assimilare i metalli pesanti presenti al suolo nelle sue porzioni aeree contribuendo al fitorimedio. Questo studio è stato condotto lungo alcune linee ferroviarie della regione Veneto, Italia. Sono stati individuati 42 siti di campionamento distribuiti lungo sia le linee ferroviarie fondamentali che complementari elettrificate. Lo studio comprende analisi chimiche delle foglie di robinia e analisi dendrochimiche e dendrocronologiche delle carote estratte dal fusto. I campionamenti sono stati eseguiti nel luglio 2024. Il presente lavoro è lo sviluppo di uno studio precedente, condotto nel 2023, sulla vegetazione ferroviaria e sull’inquinamento del suolo lungo le linee ferroviarie della regione Veneto.
Robinia e metalli pesanti lungo le ferrovie in Veneto: potenziale di fitorimedio ed effetti sulla crescita
PASALIC, DAVOR
2024/2025
Abstract
Invasive alien species represent an increasingly significant threat to the environment and ecosystems. They spread rapidly and can invade protected habitats, posing a risk to native species. Invasive alien plant species often exhibit the ability to thrive in polluted, degraded, and nutrient-poor environments. Major pathways for their spread include heavily anthropized areas such as cities, transport corridors like rivers, and infrastructure networks such as roads and railways. One such species is black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.). Although this species is exotic and invasive, it is now naturalized in many parts of the world. In Italy, black locust stands are frequently found along railway corridors. This is due both to historical plantings intended to stabilize embankments during railway construction, and to subsequent spontaneous propagation of the species. Despite its invasive nature, in these environments—characterized by strong anthropogenic pressures—where other tree species may struggle to establish, black locust can contribute positively to the formation of ecological corridors. These linear infrastructures are also frequently associated with elevated levels of heavy metals, mainly due to traffic-related processes (both from road and rail systems). This highlights the potential role of black locust in phytoremediation. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between black locust and soil-borne heavy metals originating from railway traffic. Specifically, the study explores how these pollutants affect plant growth and to what extent the species is capable of assimilating soil heavy metals into its aboveground biomass, thereby contributing to phytoremediation. The research was conducted along selected railway lines in the Veneto region of Italy. A total of 42 sampling sites were identified, distributed across both primary and secondary electrified railway lines. The study includes chemical analyses of black locust leaves as well as dendrochemical and dendrochronological analyses of increment cores extracted from the trunk. Sampling was carried out in July 2024. This work represents a continuation of a previous study conducted in 2023 on railway vegetation and soil pollution along railway corridors in the Veneto region.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/87630