Analysis and Prevention of Accidents in the Transport of Methane and Hydrogen in Industrial Pipelines The transportation of methane and hydrogen through industrial pipelines is one of the most efficient solutions for large-scale distribution of these gases. However, it poses significant risks related to leaks, explosions, fires, and structural damage due to phenomena such as hydrogen embrittlement and pipeline corrosion. This thesis aims to analyze the most relevant incidents that have occurred in the sector, highlighting the main causes, consequences, and mitigation strategies. Using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA), failure scenarios are modeled to identify critical factors that can lead to catastrophic events. The study examines real case studies of accidents in industrial plants and gas pipelines, comparing event dynamics with the preventive measures adopted. Regulatory standards and advanced monitoring technologies—such as leak detection sensors, automatic safety valves, and AI-based predictive maintenance systems—are also evaluated. The results show that while methane presents risks related to dispersion and confined-space explosions, hydrogen introduces additional challenges, such as high diffusivity, a wide flammability range, and the ability to penetrate materials, necessitating the use of specific materials like low-carbon stainless steels and advanced polymer coatings. Finally, the thesis proposes a risk management model based on proactive approaches, suggesting strategies to reduce the probability and impact of accidents, thereby improving the safety of methane and hydrogen transportation infrastructures.
Analisi e Prevenzione degli Incidenti nel Trasporto di Metano e Idrogeno in Condotte Industriali Il trasporto di metano e idrogeno attraverso condotte industriali rappresenta una delle soluzioni più efficienti per la distribuzione su larga scala di questi gas, ma comporta rischi significativi legati a perdite, esplosioni, incendi e danni strutturali dovuti a fenomeni come l’infragilimento da idrogeno e la corrosione delle tubature. Questa tesi si propone di analizzare gli incidenti più rilevanti avvenuti nel settore, evidenziando le principali cause, conseguenze e strategie di mitigazione. Attraverso l'uso di Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) ed Event Tree Analysis (ETA), vengono modellati gli scenari di guasto, individuando i fattori critici che possono portare a eventi catastrofici. L’analisi considera casi studio reali di incidenti accaduti in impianti industriali e gasdotti, confrontando le dinamiche degli eventi con le misure di prevenzione adottate. Vengono inoltre esaminati gli standard normativi e le tecnologie di monitoraggio avanzate, come sensori per la rilevazione di perdite, valvole di sicurezza automatiche e sistemi di manutenzione predittiva basati su intelligenza artificiale. I risultati evidenziano che, mentre il metano presenta rischi legati alla dispersione e all’esplosione in ambienti confinati, l’idrogeno introduce problematiche aggiuntive, come l’alta diffusività, l’ampio intervallo di infiammabilità e la capacità di penetrare nei materiali, rendendo necessario l’uso di materiali specifici come acciai inossidabili a basso contenuto di carbonio e rivestimenti polimerici avanzati. Infine, la tesi propone un modello di gestione del rischio basato su approcci proattivi, suggerendo strategie per ridurre la probabilità e l’impatto degli incidenti, migliorando la sicurezza delle infrastrutture di trasporto del metano e dell’idrogeno.
Analisi e prevenzione degli incidenti nel trasporto di metano e idrogeno in condotte industriali
ELHAMRAOUY, ABDELMAJID
2024/2025
Abstract
Analysis and Prevention of Accidents in the Transport of Methane and Hydrogen in Industrial Pipelines The transportation of methane and hydrogen through industrial pipelines is one of the most efficient solutions for large-scale distribution of these gases. However, it poses significant risks related to leaks, explosions, fires, and structural damage due to phenomena such as hydrogen embrittlement and pipeline corrosion. This thesis aims to analyze the most relevant incidents that have occurred in the sector, highlighting the main causes, consequences, and mitigation strategies. Using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) and Event Tree Analysis (ETA), failure scenarios are modeled to identify critical factors that can lead to catastrophic events. The study examines real case studies of accidents in industrial plants and gas pipelines, comparing event dynamics with the preventive measures adopted. Regulatory standards and advanced monitoring technologies—such as leak detection sensors, automatic safety valves, and AI-based predictive maintenance systems—are also evaluated. The results show that while methane presents risks related to dispersion and confined-space explosions, hydrogen introduces additional challenges, such as high diffusivity, a wide flammability range, and the ability to penetrate materials, necessitating the use of specific materials like low-carbon stainless steels and advanced polymer coatings. Finally, the thesis proposes a risk management model based on proactive approaches, suggesting strategies to reduce the probability and impact of accidents, thereby improving the safety of methane and hydrogen transportation infrastructures.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88239