The work explores the concept of novel in Roberto Bolaño’s fiction, defining it as “anarchist novel”, a type of fiction able to subvert the narrative structures and values associated to the bourgeois novel and the postmodern novel (the typical narrative structure of late capitalism). The thesis aim is to compare the traditional novel (tied to specific historical and material coordinates) to the narrative strategies of the chilean author, that performs, only to jeopardise, those models. A theoretical introduction addresses the goals of protagonists in bourgeois novels and the instrumental logic underlying these narrative dynamics. Bolaño subverts these narrative expectations in “2666”, which is visible in “The Part About the Critics” and “The Part About the Crimes” (an example of a deconstructed detective story, where the inability to find the culprit reflects the systemic and impersonal guilt, typical of the late capitalist world). Then, the thesis examines some sections of “The Savage Detectives”, suggesting a postcolonial reading of the Bildungsroman model: relocating the European model in the Third World and making it “out of time”, Bolaño disrupts the existential conditions of the narrative framework inaugurated by Goethe. Exploring these texts, the thesis analyses Bolaño’s conception of history, placing it in dialogue with the tradition of the bourgeois novel, and its idea of “realism”, different from Bolaño’s realism that is actually focused on Lacanian “real”, which escapes the language and the identities that a rational framework operates. The thesis concludes that Roberto Bolaño, operating a deconstruction of the bourgeois and late capitalist novel, proposes a narrative and ethical alternative that reflects an anarchist stance towards the contemporary world. This is achieved through the performative use of the novel’s traditional structures, that seem to be outdated thanks the fact that the author robs them of their ontological significance.
La tesi esplora la forma romanzo di Roberto Bolaño, definendola come "romanzo anarchico", ossia un'opera capace di sovvertire le strutture narrative e i valori associati al romanzo borghese e al romanzo postmoderno (come forma narrativa tipica del tardocapitalismo). Il lavoro mira a confrontare le convenzioni legate al romanzo tradizionale (una forma legata a determinate coordinate storiche e materiali) con le strategie narrative dell'autore cileno, che performano, per poi disinnescare, tali modelli. Una prima parte teorica affronta il tema degli obiettivi dei protagonisti dei romanzi borghesi, la logica strumentale che soggiace a queste dinamiche narrative. Si procede dunque a dimostrare come Bolano sovverta tali aspettative narrative in “2666” attraverso l'analisi del "La parte dei critici" e de "La parte dei delitti" (un esempio di decostruzione della detective story in cui l'inutilità di trovare il colpevole riflette la colpa sistemica e impersonale tipica del mondo tardocapitalista). Si esaminano poi alcune sezioni de "I detective selvaggi" operando una lettura postcoloniale del modello del Bildungsroman, secondo l'idea che la ricollocazione "fuori tempo massimo" e terzomondista del modello letterario europeo mandi in cortocircuito le condizioni d'esistenza della struttura narrativa inaugurata da Goethe. Attraverso l'esplorazione di tali testi, si riflette dunque sulla concezione storica di Roberto Bolaño, mettendola in dialogo con la tradizione romanzesca borghese e con l'idea proposta dal romanzo europeo di "realismo", distante dal realismo di Bolaño che invece sembra inseguire il "reale" lacaniano, ciò che sfugge al linguaggio così come alle classificazioni identitarie che l’impostazione razionale può operare. La tesi conclude che Roberto Bolaño, operando una decostruzione del modello del romanzo borghese e tardocapitalista, arriva a proporre un'alternativa narrativa ed etica che riflette un posizionamento anarchico rispetto al mondo contemporaneo. Questo accade attraverso un utilizzo performativo delle strutture romanzesche tradizionali, la cui inattualità emerge dalla peculiare modalità con cui l'autore le svuota di pregnanza ontologica.
Il "romanzo anarchico" di Roberto Bolaño. Fascinazione e sabotaggio di una narrazione alfa.
GUEVARA, RAMON
2024/2025
Abstract
The work explores the concept of novel in Roberto Bolaño’s fiction, defining it as “anarchist novel”, a type of fiction able to subvert the narrative structures and values associated to the bourgeois novel and the postmodern novel (the typical narrative structure of late capitalism). The thesis aim is to compare the traditional novel (tied to specific historical and material coordinates) to the narrative strategies of the chilean author, that performs, only to jeopardise, those models. A theoretical introduction addresses the goals of protagonists in bourgeois novels and the instrumental logic underlying these narrative dynamics. Bolaño subverts these narrative expectations in “2666”, which is visible in “The Part About the Critics” and “The Part About the Crimes” (an example of a deconstructed detective story, where the inability to find the culprit reflects the systemic and impersonal guilt, typical of the late capitalist world). Then, the thesis examines some sections of “The Savage Detectives”, suggesting a postcolonial reading of the Bildungsroman model: relocating the European model in the Third World and making it “out of time”, Bolaño disrupts the existential conditions of the narrative framework inaugurated by Goethe. Exploring these texts, the thesis analyses Bolaño’s conception of history, placing it in dialogue with the tradition of the bourgeois novel, and its idea of “realism”, different from Bolaño’s realism that is actually focused on Lacanian “real”, which escapes the language and the identities that a rational framework operates. The thesis concludes that Roberto Bolaño, operating a deconstruction of the bourgeois and late capitalist novel, proposes a narrative and ethical alternative that reflects an anarchist stance towards the contemporary world. This is achieved through the performative use of the novel’s traditional structures, that seem to be outdated thanks the fact that the author robs them of their ontological significance.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88326