The increasing prevalence of dementia has made the investigation of potential risk and protective factors influencing disease onset increasingly urgent. In recent years, particular attention has been devoted to psychological and psychosocial risk factors that may play a role in the onset and progression of neurocognitive disorders. This thesis aims to examine the role of anxiety-depressive symptomatology and adverse life events throughout the lifespan in relation to the current cognitive and affective profile of a sample of 35 individuals diagnosed with major neurocognitive disorder. To this end, a newly developed tool designed to reconstruct psychological history – the Psychological History Questionnaire (PSYq) – was employed. Data collection involved administering an assessment protocol including the PSYq, alongside standardized tests and questionnaires for the evaluation of current cognitive functioning and anxiety-depressive symptoms. The findings indicate a positive association between cognitive performance and the total number of adverse life events experienced. However, a negative association emerged between exposure to early-life (childhood and adolescence) adverse events and current performance on tasks assessing executive and visuospatial functions. Unexpectedly, a positive relationship was also found between current cognitive functioning and a lifetime history of anxiety disorders, but not depressive disorders. These results highlight the need for further exploration of the relationship between psychosocial risk factors and cognitive functioning, with the goal of enhancing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and informing the development of targeted preventive interventions.
Il crescente aumento dei casi di demenza ha reso sempre più urgente lo studio dei possibili fattori di rischio e protezione che possano influenzare l’esordio di malattia. In particolare, negli ultimi anni, l’attenzione si è focalizzata sui fattori di rischio psicologici e psicosociali che potrebbero influenzare l’esordio e il decorso dei disturbi neurocognitivi. Il presente lavoro di tesi si propone di analizzare il ruolo della sintomatologia ansioso-depressiva e degli eventi di vita avversi, presenti nel corso della vita, sull’attuale profilo cognitivo e affettivo in un campione di 35 partecipanti con diagnosi di disturbo neurocognitivo maggiore. A tal fine, è stato utilizzato un nuovo strumento finalizzato alla ricostruzione della storia psicologica: lo Psychological History Questionnaire (PSYq). La raccolta dei dati è stata condotta tramite la somministrazione un protocollo di valutazione composto da PSYq, e da test e questionari standardizzati per la valutazione di funzioni cognitive e sintomatologia ansioso-depressiva attuale. I risultati mostrano la presenza di un’associazione positiva tra performance cognitiva e numero totale di eventi di vita avversi esperiti, ma anche di un’associazione negativa tra l’esposizione a eventi avversi in infanzia e adolescenza e l’attuale prestazione a test di funzioni esecutive e visuospaziali. Inoltre, si è inaspettatamente riscontrata una relazione positiva tra il profilo cognitivo attuale e la storia di disturbi d’ansia, ma non di depressione. Tali evidenze sottolineano la necessità di approfondire la relazione tra fattori di rischio psicosociali e funzionamento cognitivo, con l’obiettivo di migliorare la comprensione dei meccanismi che li legano in modo da favorire la creazione di interventi preventivi mirati.
Eventi di vita avversi, depressione e ansia: uno studio in pazienti con disturbo neurocognitivo maggiore
ANTONIOL, MATTEO
2024/2025
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of dementia has made the investigation of potential risk and protective factors influencing disease onset increasingly urgent. In recent years, particular attention has been devoted to psychological and psychosocial risk factors that may play a role in the onset and progression of neurocognitive disorders. This thesis aims to examine the role of anxiety-depressive symptomatology and adverse life events throughout the lifespan in relation to the current cognitive and affective profile of a sample of 35 individuals diagnosed with major neurocognitive disorder. To this end, a newly developed tool designed to reconstruct psychological history – the Psychological History Questionnaire (PSYq) – was employed. Data collection involved administering an assessment protocol including the PSYq, alongside standardized tests and questionnaires for the evaluation of current cognitive functioning and anxiety-depressive symptoms. The findings indicate a positive association between cognitive performance and the total number of adverse life events experienced. However, a negative association emerged between exposure to early-life (childhood and adolescence) adverse events and current performance on tasks assessing executive and visuospatial functions. Unexpectedly, a positive relationship was also found between current cognitive functioning and a lifetime history of anxiety disorders, but not depressive disorders. These results highlight the need for further exploration of the relationship between psychosocial risk factors and cognitive functioning, with the goal of enhancing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and informing the development of targeted preventive interventions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88726