This thesis, entitled “The Word and the Bond: A Psychoanalytic Inquiry into Language and Group Dynamics in the Context of Cults,” is divided into three chapters which, taken together, offer an in-depth examination of the cult phenomenon. The first chapter introduces the concept of the cult in general terms, outlining its fundamental characteristics and illustrating the figure of the charismatic leader, the manipulation techniques employed, and the main strategies aimed at securing follower loyalty. Particular attention is paid to how the leader, through a combination of charisma, ritualization, and persuasive communication, establishes bonds of psychological dependence within the group. In the second chapter, the approach becomes explicitly psychoanalytic, drawing on the perspectives of Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, and Wilfred Bion. The analysis focuses on mass psychic processes (in Freud), the significance of symbols and archetypes (in Jung), and the structural group dynamics (in Bion), such as basic assumptions and the containment of anxiety. The fusion of these contributions makes it possible to understand the emotional and relational mechanisms that foster cohesion within cults, the perception of “psychic communion,” and the idealization of the leader. Finally, in the third chapter, the spotlight shifts specifically to language as a tool of cohesion, manipulation, and the codification of values within the cult. It delves into how ritual language, often esoteric, exerts a strong psychological impact on members, defining the boundary between “us” and “them” and reinforcing collective identity. The discussion focuses on “unconventional” forms of communication (sometimes hypothesized as telepathic) and on the relationship between the evocative power of words and the followers’ voluntary submission. Thus structured, the thesis highlights how psychoanalytic elements (identification, projection, regression), symbolic and archetypal components (rituals, charismatic figures), and group dynamics (cohesion, dependence, emotional contagion) find in language the central unifying factor, capable of binding the group’s unity and steering individuals toward full-fledged adherence.
La presente tesi, intitolata “Il verbo e il legame: un’indagine psicoanalitica su linguaggio e dinamiche di gruppo nel contesto dei culti,” si articola in tre capitoli che, nel loro insieme, offrono una lettura approfondita del fenomeno cultuale. Nel primo capitolo, viene introdotto il concetto di culto in termini generali, definendone le caratteristiche fondamentali e illustrando la figura del leader carismatico, le tecniche di manipolazione adottate e le principali strategie volte a fidelizzare i seguaci. Particolare attenzione è riservata al modo in cui il leader, grazie a una combinazione di carisma, ritualizzazione e comunicazione persuasiva, instauri legami di dipendenza psicologica all’interno del gruppo. Nel secondo capitolo, l’approccio diviene esplicitamente psicoanalitico, coinvolgendo le prospettive di Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung e Wilfred Bion. L’analisi si concentra sui processi psichici di massa (in Freud), sull’importanza dei simboli e degli archetipi (in Jung) e sulle dinamiche gruppali strutturali (in Bion), come gli assunti di base e il contenimento dell’ansia. La fusione di questi contributi consente di comprendere i meccanismi emotivi e relazionali che nei culti alimentano la coesione, la percezione di “comunione psichica” e l’idealizzazione del leader. Infine, nel terzo capitolo, il fulcro dell’attenzione si sposta specificamente sul linguaggio in quanto strumento di coesione, manipolazione e codifica di valori all’interno del culto. Si approfondisce come il linguaggio rituale, spesso esoterico, produca un forte impatto psicologico sui membri, definendo i confini tra “noi” e “loro” e rafforzando l’identità collettiva. Il discorso si sofferma sulle forme di comunicazione “non convenzionali” (persino ipotizzate come telepatiche) e sul rapporto tra il potere evocativo della parola e la sottomissione volontaria dei seguaci. La tesi, così strutturata, mette in rilievo come gli elementi psicoanalitici (identificazione, proiezione, regressione), le componenti simboliche e archetipiche (rituali, figure carismatiche) e le dinamiche gruppali (coesione, dipendenza, contagio emotivo) trovino nel linguaggio il collante centrale, capace di saldare l’unità del gruppo e di orientare i singoli verso un’adesione totale.
Il verbo e il legame: un’indagine psicoanalitica su linguaggio e dinamiche di gruppo nel contesto dei culti
CRISTEA, NICOLETTA ANDREA
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis, entitled “The Word and the Bond: A Psychoanalytic Inquiry into Language and Group Dynamics in the Context of Cults,” is divided into three chapters which, taken together, offer an in-depth examination of the cult phenomenon. The first chapter introduces the concept of the cult in general terms, outlining its fundamental characteristics and illustrating the figure of the charismatic leader, the manipulation techniques employed, and the main strategies aimed at securing follower loyalty. Particular attention is paid to how the leader, through a combination of charisma, ritualization, and persuasive communication, establishes bonds of psychological dependence within the group. In the second chapter, the approach becomes explicitly psychoanalytic, drawing on the perspectives of Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, and Wilfred Bion. The analysis focuses on mass psychic processes (in Freud), the significance of symbols and archetypes (in Jung), and the structural group dynamics (in Bion), such as basic assumptions and the containment of anxiety. The fusion of these contributions makes it possible to understand the emotional and relational mechanisms that foster cohesion within cults, the perception of “psychic communion,” and the idealization of the leader. Finally, in the third chapter, the spotlight shifts specifically to language as a tool of cohesion, manipulation, and the codification of values within the cult. It delves into how ritual language, often esoteric, exerts a strong psychological impact on members, defining the boundary between “us” and “them” and reinforcing collective identity. The discussion focuses on “unconventional” forms of communication (sometimes hypothesized as telepathic) and on the relationship between the evocative power of words and the followers’ voluntary submission. Thus structured, the thesis highlights how psychoanalytic elements (identification, projection, regression), symbolic and archetypal components (rituals, charismatic figures), and group dynamics (cohesion, dependence, emotional contagion) find in language the central unifying factor, capable of binding the group’s unity and steering individuals toward full-fledged adherence.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88766