Background. The present thesis aims to investigate the clinical construct of Food Addiction (FA) through an integrated perspective that combines the statistical analysis of empirical data with the psychodynamic framework offered by Kernberg's structural model of personality. In particular, the hypothesis that FA, in addition to being a construct with only neurobiological and behavioral facets, may also represent the symptomatic expression of a structural impairment of the psychological functioning of the individual's personality is explored. However, this hypothesis does not seem to have been investigated yet. Methods. The research was conducted on a heterogeneous sample composed of subjects divided into nine groups: a group of subjects diagnosed with FA according to the YFAS 2.0 criteria, a group of 'subclinical' subjects, and seven control groups. Participants were assessed using validated self-report instruments, including the LPOq for the assessment of personality functioning and the TFEQ-R18 for eating dysregulation. To test the hypothesis of differences in the above-mentioned constructs, a profile analysis – a special case of MANOVA – was used. Results. The statistical analysis highlighted significant differences between the groups on several clinical and personality variables, such as eating dysregulation, dissociation, self-directed aggression, rigidity, impaired sense of self. The results show that subjects with FA present a significantly different structural functioning compared to the control groups, with a psychological configuration that recalls elements typical of borderline personality organization, such as identity fragility, difficulty in affective regulation, the tendency to act out and a deficit in the representation of the other. The relevance of specific subgroups is also highlighted, such as Target 1 (subclinical subjects), which despite the absence of distress show psychological profiles overlapping with those of the clinical group. Conclusions. Overall, the thesis suggests that FA is connected to a specific configuration of the personality structure. The research highlights the importance of an integration between dimensional nosological models and interpretative tools of psychodynamic origin and clinical relevance, suggesting the need for a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to AF that takes into account the personality structure.
Background. La presente tesi ha l’obiettivo di indagare il costrutto clinico della Food Addiction (FA) attraverso una prospettiva integrata che coniuga l’analisi statistica dei dati empirici con l’inquadramento psicodinamico offerto dal modello strutturale della personalità di Kernberg. In particolare, viene esplorata l’ipotesi che la FA, oltre ad essere un costrutto con sole sfaccettature neurobiologiche e comportamentali, possa anche rappresentare l’espressione sintomatica di una compromissione strutturale del funzionamento psicologico della personalità dell’individuo. Tuttavia, questa ipotesi non sembra essere ancora stata indagata. Metodi. La ricerca è stata condotta su un campione eterogeneo composto da soggetti suddivisi in nove gruppi: un gruppo di soggetti con diagnosi di FA secondo i criteri della YFAS 2.0, un gruppo di soggetti ‘subclinici’, e sette gruppi di controllo. I partecipanti sono stati valutati mediante strumenti self-report validati, tra cui l’LPOq per la valutazione del funzionamento di personalità e il TFEQ-R18 per la disregolazione alimentare. Per testare l’ipotesi di differenze nei costrutti sopracitati, è stata impiegata un’analisi dei profili (profile analysis) – un caso speciale di MANOVA. Risultati. L’analisi statistica ha messo in luce differenze significative tra i gruppi su numerose variabili cliniche e personologiche, quali disregolazione alimentare, dissociazione, aggressività auto-diretta, rigidità, compromissione del senso del Sé. I risultati mostrano che i soggetti con FA presentano un funzionamento strutturale significativamente diverso rispetto ai gruppi di controllo, con una configurazione psicologica che richiama elementi propri dell’organizzazione borderline di personalità, quali la fragilità identitaria, la difficoltà nella regolazione affettiva, la propensione all’acting-out e un deficit nella rappresentazione dell’altro. Viene inoltre evidenziata la rilevanza di specifici sottogruppi, come il Target 1 (soggetti subclinici), che pur in assenza di distress mostrano profili psicologici sovrapponibili a quelli del gruppo clinico. Conclusioni. Nel complesso, la tesi suggerisce che la FA sia connessa a una specifica configurazione della struttura di personalità. La ricerca evidenzia l’importanza di un’integrazione tra modelli nosologici dimensionali e strumenti interpretativi di matrice psicodinamica e pertinenza clinica suggerendo la necessità di un approccio diagnostico e terapeutico alla FA che tenga conto della struttura di personalità.
Food Addiction: un'analisi dei profili secondo il modello di Kernberg
MORESCHI, LORENZO
2024/2025
Abstract
Background. The present thesis aims to investigate the clinical construct of Food Addiction (FA) through an integrated perspective that combines the statistical analysis of empirical data with the psychodynamic framework offered by Kernberg's structural model of personality. In particular, the hypothesis that FA, in addition to being a construct with only neurobiological and behavioral facets, may also represent the symptomatic expression of a structural impairment of the psychological functioning of the individual's personality is explored. However, this hypothesis does not seem to have been investigated yet. Methods. The research was conducted on a heterogeneous sample composed of subjects divided into nine groups: a group of subjects diagnosed with FA according to the YFAS 2.0 criteria, a group of 'subclinical' subjects, and seven control groups. Participants were assessed using validated self-report instruments, including the LPOq for the assessment of personality functioning and the TFEQ-R18 for eating dysregulation. To test the hypothesis of differences in the above-mentioned constructs, a profile analysis – a special case of MANOVA – was used. Results. The statistical analysis highlighted significant differences between the groups on several clinical and personality variables, such as eating dysregulation, dissociation, self-directed aggression, rigidity, impaired sense of self. The results show that subjects with FA present a significantly different structural functioning compared to the control groups, with a psychological configuration that recalls elements typical of borderline personality organization, such as identity fragility, difficulty in affective regulation, the tendency to act out and a deficit in the representation of the other. The relevance of specific subgroups is also highlighted, such as Target 1 (subclinical subjects), which despite the absence of distress show psychological profiles overlapping with those of the clinical group. Conclusions. Overall, the thesis suggests that FA is connected to a specific configuration of the personality structure. The research highlights the importance of an integration between dimensional nosological models and interpretative tools of psychodynamic origin and clinical relevance, suggesting the need for a diagnostic and therapeutic approach to AF that takes into account the personality structure.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88822