This work focuses on complex trauma, exploring how traumatic experiences in childhood not only mark the body and mind, but profoundly shape the ability to relate to others, to manage one's emotions in adulthood and to feel safe in the world. Caregivers, who should provide a safe base, sometimes become the source of trauma, as their neglect, inadequacy or abuse leave scars that are difficult to heal. The consequences of these experiences often have repercussions in adulthood in the form of emotional difficulties, relationship problems and rigid defense mechanisms, with the risk of developing disorders such as depression, anxiety, dissociative disorders and personality disorders, which make the relationship with oneself and others even more difficult. Despite the growing attention to the topic, complex trauma is not yet recognized as a separate diagnosis in the DSM-5-TR, but is included in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a category that does not fully capture the complexity of relational trauma. The last part of this work is dedicated to the possibilities of treatment: approaches such as EMDR, mindfulness and relationship-based therapies are particularly useful because they do not limit themselves to treating symptoms, but help the person to make sense of their experiences and to rebuild a safer bond with themselves and with the world. At the heart of each intervention is the importance of a personalized approach, which takes into account the unique history of each individual and their vulnerabilities, offering a safe space where pain can be welcomed and transformed into an opportunity for growth and change.
Questo lavoro si concentra sul trauma complesso, esplorando come le esperienze traumatiche vissute nell’infanzia non solo segnano il corpo e la mente, ma modellano profondamente la capacità di relazionarsi con gli altri, di gestire le proprie emozioni nell’età adulta e di sentirsi al sicuro nel mondo. Le figure di accudimento, che dovrebbero fornire una base sicura, diventano invece talvolta l’origine del trauma, poiché la loro negligenza, inadeguatezza o abusi lasciano cicatrici difficili da sanare. Le conseguenze di queste esperienze spesso si ripercuotono nell'età adulta sotto forma di difficoltà emotive, problemi nelle relazioni e meccanismi di difesa rigidi, con il rischio di sviluppare disturbi come la depressione, l’ansia, i disturbi dissociativi e quelli della personalità, che rendono ancora più faticoso il rapporto con sé stessi e con gli altri. Nonostante la crescente attenzione al tema, il trauma complesso non è ancora riconosciuto come una diagnosi separata nel DSM-5-TR, ma è incluso nel disturbo da stress post-traumatico (PTSD), una categoria che non coglie pienamente la complessità dei traumi relazionali. L’ultima parte di questo lavoro è dedicata alle possibilità di cura: approcci come l’EMDR, la mindfulness e le terapie basate sulla relazione si rivelano particolarmente utili perché non si limitano a trattare i sintomi, ma aiutano la persona a dare un senso alle proprie esperienze e a ricostruire un legame più sicuro con sé stessa e con il mondo. Al centro di ogni intervento c’è l’importanza di un approccio personalizzato, che tenga conto della storia unica di ogni individuo e delle sue vulnerabilità, offrendo uno spazio sicuro dove il dolore possa essere accolto e trasformato in un’opportunità di crescita e di cambiamento.
Traumi infantili e vita adulta: un'analisi dei meccanismi psicologici e ripercussioni a lungo termine
SKOWRONSKA, DAGMARA
2024/2025
Abstract
This work focuses on complex trauma, exploring how traumatic experiences in childhood not only mark the body and mind, but profoundly shape the ability to relate to others, to manage one's emotions in adulthood and to feel safe in the world. Caregivers, who should provide a safe base, sometimes become the source of trauma, as their neglect, inadequacy or abuse leave scars that are difficult to heal. The consequences of these experiences often have repercussions in adulthood in the form of emotional difficulties, relationship problems and rigid defense mechanisms, with the risk of developing disorders such as depression, anxiety, dissociative disorders and personality disorders, which make the relationship with oneself and others even more difficult. Despite the growing attention to the topic, complex trauma is not yet recognized as a separate diagnosis in the DSM-5-TR, but is included in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a category that does not fully capture the complexity of relational trauma. The last part of this work is dedicated to the possibilities of treatment: approaches such as EMDR, mindfulness and relationship-based therapies are particularly useful because they do not limit themselves to treating symptoms, but help the person to make sense of their experiences and to rebuild a safer bond with themselves and with the world. At the heart of each intervention is the importance of a personalized approach, which takes into account the unique history of each individual and their vulnerabilities, offering a safe space where pain can be welcomed and transformed into an opportunity for growth and change.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88863