This thesis aims to analyse, through a techno-economic study, the feasibility of power-to-hydrogen-to-X processes applied to the production of two main energy carriers: ammonia and methanol. These products can be used as fuels in internal combustion engines (ICEs) for electricity generation. The project begins with the design of the two distinct synthesis processes, defining the required flows based on the consumption of their respective production cycles, represented by the two ICEs. In addition to the overall design of the two synthesis processes, all the subprocesses involved, such as hydrogen production, CO₂ capture, and nitrogen separation have been carefully sized to ensure an integrated and realistic approach. Once the design phase is completed, the analysis focuses on the economic aspect of the two process chains, evaluating their overall feasibility. In the final part of the thesis, as an alternative to purchasing electricity from the grid, a wind farm has been used as a primary energy source. This is done by creating a MATLAB model that simulates the energy generation from the renewable plant. Using this configuration two main scenarios have been developed, one with a hydrogen storage and the second with the coupling between a hydrogen storage and a battery park. The impact of these different configurations on the final costs is analysed and compared with the results obtained in the baseline scenario
La presente tesi ha l’obiettivo di analizzare, attraverso uno studio tecno-economico, la fattibilità dei processi power-to-hydrogen-to-X, applicati alla produzione di due principali vettori energetici: ammoniaca e metanolo. Tali prodotti possono essere impiegati come carburanti in motori a combustione interna (ICE) per la generazione di energia elettrica. Il progetto prende avvio con la progettazione dei due distinti processi di sintesi, definendo i flussi richiesti in funzione dei consumi dei rispettivi cicli di produzione, rappresentati dai due ICE. Oltre alla progettazione complessiva dei due processi di sintesi, sono stati accuratamente dimensionati anche tutti i sottoprocessi coinvolti, tra cui la produzione di idrogeno, la cattura della CO₂ e la separazione dell’azoto, al fine di garantire un approccio integrato e realistico. Completata la fase di design, l’analisi si concentra sull’aspetto economico delle due catene di processo, valutandone la fattibilità complessiva. Nella parte conclusiva della tesi, in alternativa all’acquisto di energia elettrica dalla rete, viene simulato l’impiego di un parco eolico come fonte energetica primaria. Viene inoltre integrato un sistema di accumulo energetico, analizzando l’impatto di questa configurazione sui costi finali e confrontando i risultati con quelli ottenuti nello scenario di riferimento.
Comparative Techno-Economic Assessment of Two Power-to-Hydrogen-to-X Pathways: A Case Study on the Synthesis and Use of Ammonia and Methanol
SOSTERO, LEONE
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis aims to analyse, through a techno-economic study, the feasibility of power-to-hydrogen-to-X processes applied to the production of two main energy carriers: ammonia and methanol. These products can be used as fuels in internal combustion engines (ICEs) for electricity generation. The project begins with the design of the two distinct synthesis processes, defining the required flows based on the consumption of their respective production cycles, represented by the two ICEs. In addition to the overall design of the two synthesis processes, all the subprocesses involved, such as hydrogen production, CO₂ capture, and nitrogen separation have been carefully sized to ensure an integrated and realistic approach. Once the design phase is completed, the analysis focuses on the economic aspect of the two process chains, evaluating their overall feasibility. In the final part of the thesis, as an alternative to purchasing electricity from the grid, a wind farm has been used as a primary energy source. This is done by creating a MATLAB model that simulates the energy generation from the renewable plant. Using this configuration two main scenarios have been developed, one with a hydrogen storage and the second with the coupling between a hydrogen storage and a battery park. The impact of these different configurations on the final costs is analysed and compared with the results obtained in the baseline scenario| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/88936