Matthew effect on management and organization systems

The Matthew Effect is a macro-level phenomenon that has a profound impact not only on distribution of rewards, but also on behavior and decision-making of social actors of different status. In this study, we investigate how the Matthew Effect in a status hierarchy of CEOs is reflected in their decisions to invest in high-risk projects. We find that CEOs of U.S.-based wireless telecom operators give preference to high-visibility status-enhancing investments, such as M&As, since in the presence of the Matthew effect, they expect to receive greater rewards in case of project success and to suffer less negative social consequences if the project fails. The Matthew effect exists from the standpoint of airport efficiency, and a spatial effect has significant impact on the degree of reverse Mathew effect, and depends on the efficiency types of neighboring airports; and spatial aggregation effect of airports with same efficiency type is not conducive to green innovation in some cities. We also provide some recommendations to improve airport green efficiency and add to coordinated development for the MAS. Our findings may provide a reference for government departments to plan the layout of green innovation industries and choose sustainable innovation strategies for enterprises.