The National Strategy for Inner Areas (SNAI) is an innovative economic policy launched in 2014 as part of the National Reform Plan and the Partnership Agreement with the European Commission for the management of cohesion policies, with the aim of combating socio-economic marginalization and demographic decline in the most peripheral areas of the country, characterized by limited access to essential services (health, education, mobility). This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the SNAI using recent difference-in-differences estimators with staggered adoption, which allow us to capture the temporal heterogeneity of the intervention that took place between 2018 and 2023. The analysis uses an annual panel dataset for the period 2002–2023, containing socio-economic, morphological, and administrative information on Italian municipalities classified as inner areas. A distinctive feature of the study is the distinction between legal nature of the entity implementing of the treatment (public or private), which allows us to capture structural heterogeneity in the effects of the policy. The results indicate that, in municipalities with public implementation, the SNAI contributed to a reduction in the incidence of the elderly population, while in municipalities with private implementation, there was a significant increase in average income. However, no statistically significant effect emerged on the number of local units and net migration.
La Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne (SNAI) è una politica economica innovativa avviata nel 2014 nell’ambito del Piano Nazionale di Riforma e dell’Accordo di Partenariato con la Commissione Europea per la gestione delle politiche di coesione, con l’obiettivo di contrastare la marginalizzazione socio-economica e l’involuzione demografica nelle aree più periferiche del Paese, caratterizzate da un accesso limitato ai servizi essenziali (sanità, istruzione, mobilità). Il presente lavoro valuta l’efficacia della SNAI mediante l’utilizzo di recenti stimatori difference-in-differences con trattamento scaglionato (staggered adoption), che consentono di cogliere l’eterogeneità temporale dell’intervento avvenuto tra il 2018 e il 2023. L’analisi si avvale di un dataset panel annuale per il periodo 2002–2023, contenente informazioni socio-economiche, morfologiche e amministrative, relative ai comuni italiani classificati come Aree interne. Elemento distintivo dello studio è la distinzione del trattamento per natura giuridica del soggetto attuatore del trattamento (pubblico o privato), che consente di cogliere eterogeneità strutturali negli effetti della politica. I risultati indicano che, nei comuni con attuazione pubblica, la SNAI ha contribuito a una riduzione dell’incidenza di popolazione anziana, mentre nei comuni con attuazione privata si osserva un aumento significativo del reddito medio. Nessun effetto statisticamente significativo è emerso, invece, sul numero di unità locali e sul saldo migratorio.
Valutazione d'impatto della Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne: un'analisi differenze nelle differenze con adozione scaglionata del trattamento
SCAGLIA, GIACOMO
2024/2025
Abstract
The National Strategy for Inner Areas (SNAI) is an innovative economic policy launched in 2014 as part of the National Reform Plan and the Partnership Agreement with the European Commission for the management of cohesion policies, with the aim of combating socio-economic marginalization and demographic decline in the most peripheral areas of the country, characterized by limited access to essential services (health, education, mobility). This paper evaluates the effectiveness of the SNAI using recent difference-in-differences estimators with staggered adoption, which allow us to capture the temporal heterogeneity of the intervention that took place between 2018 and 2023. The analysis uses an annual panel dataset for the period 2002–2023, containing socio-economic, morphological, and administrative information on Italian municipalities classified as inner areas. A distinctive feature of the study is the distinction between legal nature of the entity implementing of the treatment (public or private), which allows us to capture structural heterogeneity in the effects of the policy. The results indicate that, in municipalities with public implementation, the SNAI contributed to a reduction in the incidence of the elderly population, while in municipalities with private implementation, there was a significant increase in average income. However, no statistically significant effect emerged on the number of local units and net migration.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93041