The diffusion of digital technologies has enabled significant advances in veterinary surgery, facilitating the design of custom-made prostheses and the personalization of treatments. In cases of canine patellar luxation, the choice of prosthesis size and positioning currently depends on the experience of the surgeon and engineer, with obvious limitations in terms of subjectivity and poor repeatability. To overcome these critical issues, this thesis proposes the development of an automated and standardized procedure for sizing the femoral trochlea and for correct prosthetic positioning. To this purpose, 119 femurs were analyzed and segmentation and design softwares were used to define a metric based on anatomical features for selecting the correct prosthetic size, which was subsequently validated by a multinomial regression model. At the same time, a second approach was developed to determine the correct repositioning of the patella along the three Cartesian axes, on the basis of which the optimal position of the trochlear crest prosthesis was identified. The clinical application of the procedure on a real case of patellar dislocation confirmed the validity and effectiveness of the method, highlighting its potential for transferability to clinical practice.
La diffusione delle tecnologie digitali ha reso possibile un notevole avanzamento nella chirurgia veterinaria, favorendo la progettazione di protesi custom-made e la personalizzazione dei trattamenti. Nei casi canini affetti da lussazione patellare, attualmente la scelta della taglia e del posizionamento protesico dipendono dall’esperienza del chirurgo e dell’ingegnere, con evidenti limiti di soggettività e scarsa ripetibilità. Per superare tali criticità, la presente tesi propone lo sviluppo di una procedura automatizzata e standardizzata per il dimensionamento della troclea femorale e per il corretto posizionamento protesico. Per tale scopo, sono stati analizzati 119 femori e utilizzati software di segmentazione e progettazione al fine di definire una metrica basata su caratteristiche anatomiche per la selezione della taglia protesica corretta, successivamente validata da un modello di regressione multinomiale. Parallelamente, è stato sviluppato un secondo approccio che ha permesso di determinare il corretto riposizionamento della rotula lungo i tre assi cartesiani, sulla cui base è stata identificata la posizione ottimale della protesi di cresta trocleare. L’applicazione clinica della procedura su un caso reale di lussazione patellare ha confermato la validità e l’efficacia del metodo, evidenziandone il potenziale di trasferibilità alla pratica clinica.
Sviluppo di una procedura automatizzata per il dimensionamento della troclea femorale e il posizionamento protesico in cani affetti da lussazione patellare
FERRANTE, LAURA
2024/2025
Abstract
The diffusion of digital technologies has enabled significant advances in veterinary surgery, facilitating the design of custom-made prostheses and the personalization of treatments. In cases of canine patellar luxation, the choice of prosthesis size and positioning currently depends on the experience of the surgeon and engineer, with obvious limitations in terms of subjectivity and poor repeatability. To overcome these critical issues, this thesis proposes the development of an automated and standardized procedure for sizing the femoral trochlea and for correct prosthetic positioning. To this purpose, 119 femurs were analyzed and segmentation and design softwares were used to define a metric based on anatomical features for selecting the correct prosthetic size, which was subsequently validated by a multinomial regression model. At the same time, a second approach was developed to determine the correct repositioning of the patella along the three Cartesian axes, on the basis of which the optimal position of the trochlear crest prosthesis was identified. The clinical application of the procedure on a real case of patellar dislocation confirmed the validity and effectiveness of the method, highlighting its potential for transferability to clinical practice.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/93670