Lung inflammatory diseases affect more than 500 million people in the world. They are associated with an excessive activation of neutrophils and the release of large amounts of proteases, including neutrophil elastase (NE) that degrade lung tissues. Due to their unique properties, single-domain antibody fragments derived from Camelid heavy-chain only antibodies, also referred to as VHHs, are relevant tools to inhibit these proteases and thus for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory lung diseases. The NEPTUNS lab has identified one VHH, NbE201, inhibiting NE. Although very potent, a four molar excess is needed to fully inhibit NE. The first part of this work aims to optimize the conditions of selection by phage display, using two large libraries of VHH genes, to select a new inhibitory VHH capable of binding the human neutrophil elastase (hNE) with higher affinity and higher inhibiting activity. At the same time, we aim to set up a protocol to select VHHs resistant to neutrophilic proteases activity. The second part of the work concerns the selection by phage display of a VHH targeting another neutrophil molecule involved in lung inflammatory diseases.
Le malattie infiammatorie polmonari colpiscono più di 500 milioni di persone nel mondo. Esse sono associate a un’eccessiva attivazione dei neutrofili e al rilascio di grandi quantità di proteasi, inclusa l’elastasi dei neutrofili (NE), che degradano i tessuti polmonari. Grazie alle loro proprietà uniche, i frammenti di anticorpi a dominio singolo derivati dagli anticorpi a catena pesante dei Camelidi, noti anche come VHH, rappresentano strumenti rilevanti per inibire queste proteasi e, di conseguenza, per il trattamento e la prevenzione delle malattie infiammatorie polmonari. Il laboratorio NEPTUNS ha identificato un VHH, NbE201, in grado di inibire la NE. Sebbene molto potente, è necessario un eccesso molare di quattro volte per inibire completamente la NE. La prima parte di questo lavoro si propone di ottimizzare le condizioni di selezione mediante phage display, utilizzando due grandi librerie di geni VHH, al fine di selezionare un nuovo VHH inibitorio capace di legarsi all’elastasi dei neutrofili umani (hNE) con maggiore affinità e maggiore attività inibitoria. Contemporaneamente, ci si propone di sviluppare un protocollo per selezionare VHH resistenti all’attività delle proteasi neutrofiliche. La seconda parte del lavoro riguarda la selezione, sempre mediante phage display, di un VHH diretto contro un’altra molecola dei neutrofili coinvolta nelle malattie infiammatorie polmonari.
Camelid single-domain antibodies (VHHs) to diagnose and treat lung inflammatory diseases
PANOZZO, VALENTINA
2024/2025
Abstract
Lung inflammatory diseases affect more than 500 million people in the world. They are associated with an excessive activation of neutrophils and the release of large amounts of proteases, including neutrophil elastase (NE) that degrade lung tissues. Due to their unique properties, single-domain antibody fragments derived from Camelid heavy-chain only antibodies, also referred to as VHHs, are relevant tools to inhibit these proteases and thus for the treatment and prevention of inflammatory lung diseases. The NEPTUNS lab has identified one VHH, NbE201, inhibiting NE. Although very potent, a four molar excess is needed to fully inhibit NE. The first part of this work aims to optimize the conditions of selection by phage display, using two large libraries of VHH genes, to select a new inhibitory VHH capable of binding the human neutrophil elastase (hNE) with higher affinity and higher inhibiting activity. At the same time, we aim to set up a protocol to select VHHs resistant to neutrophilic proteases activity. The second part of the work concerns the selection by phage display of a VHH targeting another neutrophil molecule involved in lung inflammatory diseases.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Panozzo_Valentina.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94097