Primary cells, unlike secondary ones, are electrochemical devices designed to continuously deliver energy until the irreversible depletion of their internal reactants, with no possibility of recharging. Thanks to their high energy density, long service life under low-load conditions, and good chemical stability, they are widely used in long-life industrial applications such as gas meters. Among them, lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl₂) batteries are one of the most common solutions for low-power, long-autonomy devices. This work focuses on an experimental analysis aimed at predicting the useful life of Li-SOCl₂ batteries installed in gas meters, with the goal of identifying operating conditions that lead to system malfunctioning, particularly the sudden voltage drop typically observed in the final stages of the battery's life cycle. The results were obtained over six months of continuous testing at EESCoLab as part of a contract with the company Erogasmet S.p.A. They contribute to a deeper understanding of the degradation mechanisms of Li-SOCl₂ cells under real operating conditions, providing valuable insights for their electrochemical characterization. These findings also represent a starting point for the development of reliable predictive models, useful for more accurate lifetime estimation of the batteries and for optimizing maintenance strategies for systems employing them, such as gas meters.
Le celle primarie, a differenza di quelle secondarie, sono dispositivi elettrochimici progettati per erogare energia in modo continuo fino all’esaurimento irreversibile dei reagenti interni, senza possibilità di ricarica. Grazie all’elevata densità energetica, alla lunga durata in condizioni di basso carico e alla buona stabilità chimica, trovano ampio impiego in applicazioni industriali a lunga vita utile, come i contatori del gas. Tra queste, le batterie al litio-tionil cloruro (Li-SOCl₂) rappresentano una delle soluzioni più diffuse per dispositivi a bassa potenza e lunga autonomia. Il presente lavoro si concentra su un’analisi sperimentale finalizzata alla previsione della vita utile delle batterie Li-SOCl₂ installate nei contatori gas, con l’obiettivo di individuare le condizioni operative che conducono al malfunzionamento del sistema, in particolare al rapido calo della tensione in uscita osservabile nelle fasi finali del ciclo di vita della batteria. I risultati sono stati ottenuti in 6 mesi di test continuativi in EESCoLab all’interno di un contratto stipulato con l’azienda Erogasmet S.p.a. Essi contribuiscono a una più approfondita comprensione dei meccanismi di degrado delle celle Li-SOCl₂ in condizioni reali d’impiego, fornendo indicazioni rilevanti per la loro caratterizzazione elettrochimica. Tali evidenze costituiscono inoltre un punto di partenza per lo sviluppo di modelli predittivi affidabili, utili a stimare con maggiore accuratezza la vita utile delle batterie e a ottimizzare le strategie di manutenzione dei sistemi che le impiegano, come i contatori gas.
Analisi sperimentale per la predizione della vita utile di batterie primarie Li-SOCl₂ nei contatori gas installati da Erogasmet S.p.a.
ZENNATO, NICOLO'
2024/2025
Abstract
Primary cells, unlike secondary ones, are electrochemical devices designed to continuously deliver energy until the irreversible depletion of their internal reactants, with no possibility of recharging. Thanks to their high energy density, long service life under low-load conditions, and good chemical stability, they are widely used in long-life industrial applications such as gas meters. Among them, lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl₂) batteries are one of the most common solutions for low-power, long-autonomy devices. This work focuses on an experimental analysis aimed at predicting the useful life of Li-SOCl₂ batteries installed in gas meters, with the goal of identifying operating conditions that lead to system malfunctioning, particularly the sudden voltage drop typically observed in the final stages of the battery's life cycle. The results were obtained over six months of continuous testing at EESCoLab as part of a contract with the company Erogasmet S.p.A. They contribute to a deeper understanding of the degradation mechanisms of Li-SOCl₂ cells under real operating conditions, providing valuable insights for their electrochemical characterization. These findings also represent a starting point for the development of reliable predictive models, useful for more accurate lifetime estimation of the batteries and for optimizing maintenance strategies for systems employing them, such as gas meters.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Zennato_Nicolò.pdf
embargo fino al 13/10/2028
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94179