Tax evasion has been a growing phenomenon over the years, an “invisible enemy” that still eludes the tax authorities. Technological evolution, now an integral part of society and the economy, has also extended to areas that were previously unimaginable, such as taxation, helping to make processes faster and more effective. In this context, the idea has taken hold that digitalisation can represent a concrete opportunity to improve the administration's control capabilities, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods. The use of AI and algorithmic tools in the tax field, capable of automatically analysing large amounts of information from different sources, has revolutionised controls, making it possible to detect atypical behaviour and potential irregularities by taxpayers that would previously have been difficult to identify, thus strengthening the efficiency and timeliness of tax audits. The results for 2024 (€26.3 billion recovered by the tax authorities, the highest ever) clearly demonstrate how these tools provide strong support in the fight against tax evasion. However, the introduction of digitalisation in the tax field also raises a number of important questions, such as respect for taxpayer privacy, the algorithmic trasparency and the risk of errors. In light of this, this paper analyses the process that led to the integration of technology into tax audits, the expected benefits, but also the critical issues to be addressed for the correct and informed use of Artificial Intelligence in the tax field.
L’evasione fiscale ha rappresentato negli anni un fenomeno in continua espansione, un “nemico invisibile” che fugge ancora dagli occhi del Fisco. L’evoluzione tecnologica, ormai parte integrante della società e dell’economia, si è estesa anche ad ambiti prima insospettabili, come quello fiscale, contribuendo a rendere i processi più rapidi ed efficaci. In tale contesto si è affermata l’idea che la digitalizzazione possa rappresentare un’opportunità concreta per migliorare la capacità di controllo dell’Amministrazione, superando i limiti dei metodi tradizionali. L’utilizzo dell’IA e degli strumenti algoritmici in ambito fiscale, capaci di esaminare in maniera automatizzata grandi quantità di informazioni provenienti da fonti diverse, hanno rivoluzionato i controlli, permettendo di intercettare comportamenti atipici e possibili irregolarità dei contribuenti che, in precedenza, sarebbero state difficilmente individuabili, rafforzando così l’efficienza e la tempestività dei controlli da parte del Fisco. I risultati relativi all’anno 2024 (26,3 miliardi di euro recuperati dall’Amministrazione Finanziaria, il risultato più alto di sempre) sono la chiara dimostrazione di come tali strumenti siano di grande supporto nella lotta all’evasione fiscale. Tuttavia, l’introduzione della digitalizzazione in ambito fiscale solleva anche numerosi interrogativi rilevanti, come il rispetto della privacy del contribuente, la trasparenza degli algoritmi e il rischio di errori. Alla luce di ciò, il presente elaborato analizza il processo che ha portato all’integrazione della tecnologia nei controlli fiscali, i vantaggi attesi, ma anche le criticità da affrontare per un utilizzo corretto e consapevole dell’Intelligenza Artificiale in ambito tributario.
L'intelligenza artificiale nel contrasto all'evasione fiscale
LIGUORI, FRANCESCO
2024/2025
Abstract
Tax evasion has been a growing phenomenon over the years, an “invisible enemy” that still eludes the tax authorities. Technological evolution, now an integral part of society and the economy, has also extended to areas that were previously unimaginable, such as taxation, helping to make processes faster and more effective. In this context, the idea has taken hold that digitalisation can represent a concrete opportunity to improve the administration's control capabilities, overcoming the limitations of traditional methods. The use of AI and algorithmic tools in the tax field, capable of automatically analysing large amounts of information from different sources, has revolutionised controls, making it possible to detect atypical behaviour and potential irregularities by taxpayers that would previously have been difficult to identify, thus strengthening the efficiency and timeliness of tax audits. The results for 2024 (€26.3 billion recovered by the tax authorities, the highest ever) clearly demonstrate how these tools provide strong support in the fight against tax evasion. However, the introduction of digitalisation in the tax field also raises a number of important questions, such as respect for taxpayer privacy, the algorithmic trasparency and the risk of errors. In light of this, this paper analyses the process that led to the integration of technology into tax audits, the expected benefits, but also the critical issues to be addressed for the correct and informed use of Artificial Intelligence in the tax field.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/94783