Development and application of a new characterisation model for selected critical minerals and metals in Life Cycle Assessment

The depletion of critical minerals and metals poses significant environmental and economic challenges, particularly in sustainable resource management. This thesis develops a new characterisation model within the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) framework to assess the environmental impacts of selected critical minerals and metals. The model integrates geological resource depletion, drawing data from both European and global sources, focusing on key minerals and metals essential for clean & renewable energy technologies. By analysing these elements throughout their entire life cycle, spanning raw material extraction to end-of-life management (considering the cradle-to-grave concept), the study provides decision-makers with data-driven insights for responsible sourcing and use. The model is validated through a case study, underscoring the importance of strategic resource management to mitigate the negative effects of mineral depletion.