The muscle Oxygen saturation measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is an innovative parameter to asses muscle oxygen utilization in real- time and non invasive manner. Moxy Monitor device is one of the most midley used, especially in endurance sports, due to its ability to correlate SmO₂ data with physiological parameters such as the anaerobic threshold and peak VO₂. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility and usefulness of SmO₂ monitoring via the Moxy Monitor in clinical settings, focusing on patients with chronic diseases enrolled in a physical activity program at the hospital gym – U.O.C Sports and Exercise Medicine unit of the University Hospital of Padua. The SmO₂ trends were analyzed during the execution of two functional tests commonly used in initial evaluation: the Six-Minute Walking Test (6MWT) and the Arm Curl Test. The first part of the thesis reviews the scientific literature regarding Near Infrared Spectroscopy technology, which forms the basis of wearable devices measuring SmO₂ such as the Moxy Monitor. The SmO₂ response during aerobic and strength exercises is then analyzed, with particular reference to physiological adaptations and applications in sports, observing a clear decrease in muscle saturation during exertion depending on both exercise intensity and duration. Subsequently, focus shifts to the influence of aging and major chronic diseases – vascular, metabolic, and respiratory – on SmO₂ dynamics, which tend to show lower resting values, a reduced response during exercise, and longer recovery times. The results suggest that SmO₂ monitoring with the Moxy Monitor in these contexts not causes discomfort and does not interfere with the performance. Moreover, a reduction in oxygen saturation values during exercise and an increase during recovery were confirmed, although with different patterns between the two tests. In the Arm Curl Test, significant correlations were found between the number of repetitions performed and the measured saturation values, whereas no relevant associations were observed in the 6MWT despite an improvement in performance being recorded in both test after the exercise program. Despite some remaining technical limitations, such as signal stability and the composition of the underlying tissue, the use of this device appears to be effectively integrable in to the functional assessment of this type of population.
La saturazione muscolare di ossigeno (SmO₂) misurata tramite la spettroscopia del vicino infrarosso (NIRS) rappresenta un parametro innovativo per valutare l’utilizzo dell’ossigeno muscolare in tempo reale e in modo non invasivo. Il dispositivo Moxy Monitor rappresenta uno dei più utilizzati soprattutto in ambito di sport di endurance, per la sua capacità di correlare i dati di SmO₂ con parametri fisiologici come la soglia anaerobica e il VO₂ di picco. Questo progetto di tesi ha l’obiettivo di esplorare la fattibilità e l’utilità del monitoraggio della SmO₂ tramite Moxy Monitor in contesti clinici, focalizzandosi su pazienti con patologie croniche impegnati in un programma di avviamento all’esercizio fisico presso la palestra ospedaliera – U.O.C Medicina dello Sport e dell’esercizio dell’Azienda Ospedale Università di Padova. L’andamento della SmO₂ è stato analizzato durante l’esecuzione di due test funzionali comunemente utilizzati nella valutazione iniziale: il Six-Minute Walking Test (6MWT) e l’Arm Curl Test (ACT). La prima parte della tesi approfondisce la letteratura scientifica riguardante la tecnologia Near Infrared Spectroscopy che sta alla base dei dispositivi indossabili che misurano SmO₂, come il Moxy Monitor. Viene quindi analizzata la risposta della SmO₂ in esercizi aerobici e di forza, con particolare riferimento agli adattamenti fisiologici e alle applicazioni in ambito sportivo osservando come durante uno sforzo ci sia una chiara diminuzione della saturazione muscolare dipendente sia dall’intensità che dalla durata dell’esercizio. In seguito, l’attenzione si sposta sull’influenza dell’invecchiamento e delle principali patologie croniche – vascolari, metaboliche e respiratorie – sulla dinamica della SmO₂, la quale tende a presentare valori più bassi a riposo, una ridotta risposta durante l’esercizio e tempi di recupero più lunghi. I risultati suggeriscono che il monitoraggio della SmO₂ con Moxy Monitor in questi contesti non reca fastidi e non va ad inficiare sull’esecuzione dei test. È stata inoltre confermata la riduzione dei valori di saturazione durante lo sforzo e la risalita durante il recupero, sebbene in modo differente tra i due test. Nell’Arm Curl Test si sono riscontrate correlazioni significative tra le ripetizioni eseguite e i valori di saturazione, mentre nel 6MWT nessuna associazione rilevante, sebbene in entrambi la performance sia migliorata dopo il programma di esercizio fisico. Nonostante alcune limitazioni tecniche come la stabilità del segnale e la composizione del tessuto sottostante, l’utilizzo di questo dispositivo appare integrabile efficacemente nella valutazione funzionale di questo tipo di popolazione.
Monitoraggio della saturazione muscolare con Moxy Monitor nel contesto clinico: analisi di fattibilità
LISCIOTTO, GLORIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The muscle Oxygen saturation measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) is an innovative parameter to asses muscle oxygen utilization in real- time and non invasive manner. Moxy Monitor device is one of the most midley used, especially in endurance sports, due to its ability to correlate SmO₂ data with physiological parameters such as the anaerobic threshold and peak VO₂. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility and usefulness of SmO₂ monitoring via the Moxy Monitor in clinical settings, focusing on patients with chronic diseases enrolled in a physical activity program at the hospital gym – U.O.C Sports and Exercise Medicine unit of the University Hospital of Padua. The SmO₂ trends were analyzed during the execution of two functional tests commonly used in initial evaluation: the Six-Minute Walking Test (6MWT) and the Arm Curl Test. The first part of the thesis reviews the scientific literature regarding Near Infrared Spectroscopy technology, which forms the basis of wearable devices measuring SmO₂ such as the Moxy Monitor. The SmO₂ response during aerobic and strength exercises is then analyzed, with particular reference to physiological adaptations and applications in sports, observing a clear decrease in muscle saturation during exertion depending on both exercise intensity and duration. Subsequently, focus shifts to the influence of aging and major chronic diseases – vascular, metabolic, and respiratory – on SmO₂ dynamics, which tend to show lower resting values, a reduced response during exercise, and longer recovery times. The results suggest that SmO₂ monitoring with the Moxy Monitor in these contexts not causes discomfort and does not interfere with the performance. Moreover, a reduction in oxygen saturation values during exercise and an increase during recovery were confirmed, although with different patterns between the two tests. In the Arm Curl Test, significant correlations were found between the number of repetitions performed and the measured saturation values, whereas no relevant associations were observed in the 6MWT despite an improvement in performance being recorded in both test after the exercise program. Despite some remaining technical limitations, such as signal stability and the composition of the underlying tissue, the use of this device appears to be effectively integrable in to the functional assessment of this type of population.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96384