Comprendere i fattori che influenzano l’abbandono nel Corso di Laurea in Ostetricia: uno studio sequenziale a metodi misti

Background The shortage of healthcare professionals, exacerbated by declining student enrolment, represent a critical issue in both nationally and internationally. University dropout contributes to this problem and, due to its complexity, requires in-depth investigation. Understanding the factors that influence students’ persistence or withdrawal is essential to develop targeted and effective retention strategies. Aim This study aims to identify the factors that influence Midwifery students' decisions to continue or withdraw from their degree program. Methods A sequential explanatory mixed-methods design was adopted, structured in two phases. In the first phase, a structured Likert-scale questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample. In the second phase, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted to further explore the quantitative findings. Quantitative data were analysed using Jamovi, while qualitative data were examined through Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis. Findings A total of 106 questionnaires were collected, revealing socioeconomic and institutional factors as the main critical issues. Twenty-five percent of the sample was identified as being at risk of dropout, showing statistically significant differences in key variables such as initial and study commitment. From the five semi-structured interviews, six central themes emerged: perceived support, demands of the study program, organization of the degree course, clinical placement experience, developing professional identity, and future prospects. Conclusions Dropout in healthcare degree programs is a complex phenomenon, influenced by challenges in balancing academic and personal life and by the intensity of the educational workload. Intrinsic motivation and perceived support, both from peers and the institution, serve as key protective factors. Although the findings are not generalizable, they offer valuable insight into the dynamics influencing students’ persistence and attrition. The results highlight the need to reorganize educational pathways to enhance flexibility and sustainability, and to promote peer-support initiatives within training programs.