The bidirectional interaction between heart and brain is recognized as a central mechanism in the regulation of bodily, emotional, and cognitive states. In this context, heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the effectiveness of cortical control over autonomic activity, while interoceptive sensitivity and accuracy are key indicators of the ability to monitor and regulate internal bodily signals. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between interoceptive abilities, vagal tone, and neural self-regulation through a single-session neurofeedback (NF) task administered to a sample of healthy university students. It was hypothesized that higher interoceptive abilities would be associated with better modulation of prefrontal theta activity, higher resting vmHRV, and greater vagal modulation during the task. Participants (n = 26) were divided into high- and low-performance groups based on their NF performance. Interoceptive sensitivity and accuracy were assessed using the BPQ-22 questionnaire and the HTT and HDT tasks; vagal activity was monitored via ECG. Results did not reveal significant associations between interoceptive abilities and performance, but showed that the high-performance group exhibited higher resting vmHRV(RMSSD: p = .034; logHF power: p = .012) and greater parasympathetic variation (ΔRMSSD; group effect: F(1,24) = 4.32, p = .049) during the task. These findings support the view that effective neural self-regulation is linked by more flexible autonomic responses. NF protocols may therefore represent a promising tool to enhance physiological self-regulation in both clinical and preventive contexts.
L’interazione bidirezionale tra cuore e cervello è riconosciuta come un meccanismo centrale nella regolazione degli stati corporei, emotivi e cognitivi. In tale contesto, la variabilità della frequenza cardiaca (HRV) riflette l’efficacia del controllo corticale sull’attività autonomica, mentre la sensibilità e l’accuratezza enterocettiva rappresentano indicatori fondamentali della capacità di monitorare e regolare i segnali interni. Obiettivo del presente studio è stato esplorare le relazioni tra capacità enterocettive, tono vagale e autoregolazione neurale, attraverso un compito di neurofeedback (NF) in single session somministrato a un campione di studenti universitari sani. Si ipotizzava che maggiori abilità enterocettive fossero associate a una migliore capacità di modulazione dell’attività theta prefrontale, a livelli più elevati di vmHRV a riposo e a una più ampia modulazione del tono cardiaco durante il compito. I partecipanti (n = 26) sono stati suddivisi in due gruppi (alta vs. bassa prestazione) in base alla loro performance nel NF. La sensibilità e l’accuratezza enterocettiva sono state misurate tramite il questionario BPQ-22 e i compiti HTT e HDT; l’attività vagale è stata monitorata tramite ECG. I risultati non evidenziano relazioni significative tra capacità enterocettive e prestazione, ma indicano che il gruppo ad alta prestazione presenta vmHRV più elevata a riposo (RMSSD: p = .034; logHF power: p = .012) e una maggiore variazione del tono parasimpatico (ΔRMSSD; effetto del gruppo: F(1,24) = 4.32, p = .049) durante il compito. Questi risultati indicano che una più efficiente autoregolazione neurale si accompagna a una maggiore flessibilità del sistema autonomo. L’impiego di protocolli di NF potrebbe rappresentare uno strumento promettente per potenziare l’autoregolazione fisiologica, con potenziali applicazioni in ambito clinico e preventivo.
Variabilità della frequenza cardiaca e neurofeedback: un'analisi dell'integrazione mente-corpo nei processi di autoregolazione.
TOMASELLI, GIULIA
2024/2025
Abstract
The bidirectional interaction between heart and brain is recognized as a central mechanism in the regulation of bodily, emotional, and cognitive states. In this context, heart rate variability (HRV) reflects the effectiveness of cortical control over autonomic activity, while interoceptive sensitivity and accuracy are key indicators of the ability to monitor and regulate internal bodily signals. The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between interoceptive abilities, vagal tone, and neural self-regulation through a single-session neurofeedback (NF) task administered to a sample of healthy university students. It was hypothesized that higher interoceptive abilities would be associated with better modulation of prefrontal theta activity, higher resting vmHRV, and greater vagal modulation during the task. Participants (n = 26) were divided into high- and low-performance groups based on their NF performance. Interoceptive sensitivity and accuracy were assessed using the BPQ-22 questionnaire and the HTT and HDT tasks; vagal activity was monitored via ECG. Results did not reveal significant associations between interoceptive abilities and performance, but showed that the high-performance group exhibited higher resting vmHRV(RMSSD: p = .034; logHF power: p = .012) and greater parasympathetic variation (ΔRMSSD; group effect: F(1,24) = 4.32, p = .049) during the task. These findings support the view that effective neural self-regulation is linked by more flexible autonomic responses. NF protocols may therefore represent a promising tool to enhance physiological self-regulation in both clinical and preventive contexts.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Tesi completa_giuliatomaselli.pdf
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/96516