BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In Italy, according to the 2025 AIFA Report, the proportion of children up to age 13 with at least one systemic antibiotic prescription increased from 33,7% in 2022 to 40,9% in 2023. In line with the 2022–2025 National Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance (PNCAR) and WHO recommendations, the Local Health Authority implemented a monitoring program for Primary Care Pediatricians (PCPs), aimed at promoting awareness of appropriate antibiotic use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Since 2024, following a dedicated training session, each PCP has been receiving a quarterly individualized report presenting data on antibiotic use among their patients. The reports contain three PNCAR indicators: the ratio of amoxicillin to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid packages, total systemic antibiotic consumption in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day, and the ratio of broad-spectrum to narrow-spectrum antibiotic use. They also include two additional indicators on the prevalence of macrolides and cephalosporins use. For each indicator, comparisons with previous years, the organizational average, and the percentage change relative to 2022 are provided. In accordance with the 2025–2027 Agreement between the Local Health Authority and PCPs, pediatricians are required to record ICD-IX codes for all antibiotic prescriptions. For prescriptions related to acute streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis (FTA-SBEGA) and acute otitis media (OMA), the reports track the proportion of first-line therapies. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Data from January–June 2025, compared with the same period in 2024, show improvement across all indicators. Overall consumption in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day decreased from 15,88 to 9,72; the broad-to-narrow spectrum antibiotic ratio declined from 2,00 to 0,74; the amoxicillin to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid package ratio increased from 1,20 to 3,23. Macrolides and cephalosporins use per patient decreased from 0,131 to 0,044 and from 0,057 to 0,025, respectively. The proportion of prescriptions associated with ICD-IX codes increased from 33% to 68%. Amoxicillin use exceeded the targets in FTA-SBEGA (95%, target 75%) and OMA (79%, target 65%) treatments. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of individualized reports, combined with a training course, proved to be an effective strategy to promote appropriate prescribing and combat antimicrobial resistance, supporting more rational use of antibiotics.
BACKGROUND E OBIETTIVI In Italia, secondo il Rapporto AIFA 2025, la percentuale di bambini fino ai 13 anni con almeno una prescrizione di antibiotici sistemici è passata dal 33,7% nel 2022 al 40,9% nel 2023. In linea con il Piano Nazionale di Contrasto all’Antibiotico-Resistenza (PNCAR) 2022–2025 e le raccomandazioni OMS, l’Azienda Sanitaria ha avviato un’attività di monitoraggio rivolta ai Pediatri di Libera Scelta (PLS), con l’obiettivo di promuovere la consapevolezza d’uso degli antibiotici. MATERIALI E METODI Dal 2024, dopo specifico incontro formativo, ogni PLS riceve trimestralmente un report personalizzato contenente i dati relativi all’utilizzo di antibiotici dei propri assistiti. I report comprendono i tre indicatori previsti dal PNCAR: rapporto tra le confezioni di amoxicillina e quelle di amoxicillina/acido clavulanico, consumo totale di antibiotici sistemici in DDD/1000 abitanti die e rapporto tra il consumo di antibiotici ad ampio spettro e quelli a spettro ristretto. Si sono inoltre aggiunti due indicatori riguardanti la prevalenza d’uso di macrolidi e cefalosporine. Per ogni indicatore viene fornito anche il confronto con i dati degli anni precedenti, la media aziendale e la variazione % rispetto al 2022. Infine, in applicazione dell’accordo aziendale per la Pediatria di Libera Scelta 2025–2027, i PLS sono tenuti a riportare i codici ICD-IX in tutte le prescrizioni di antibiotici e, nel sottogruppo di prescrizioni relative a faringotonsillite acuta da Streptococco beta-emolitico gruppo A (FTA - SBEGA) e di otite media acuta (OMA), la reportistica monitora la quota di terapie di prima linea sul totale. RISULTATI E DISCUSSIONE I dati relativi al periodo gennaio-giugno 2025, confrontati con lo stesso semestre del 2024, mostrano un miglioramento di tutti gli indicatori. Il consumo complessivo in DDD/1000 ab die è sceso da 15,88 a 9,72; il rapporto tra il consumo di antibiotici ad ampio spettro e ristretto si è ridotto da 2,00 a 0,74; il rapporto tra confezioni di amoxicillina e amoxicillina/acido clavulanico è aumentato da 1,20 a 3,23. L’uso di macrolidi e cefalosporine per assistibile è diminuito rispettivamente da 0,131 a 0,044 e da 0,057 a 0,025. La percentuale di prescrizioni associate a diagnosi ICD-IX è aumentata dal 33% al 68%. L’utilizzo di amoxicillina ha superato i target previsti nei trattamenti di FTA-SBEGA (95%, target 75%) e OMA (79%, target 65%). CONCLUSIONI L’introduzione dei report personalizzati, associati alla formazione, si è dimostrata una strategia efficace per promuovere l’appropriatezza e contrastare l’AMR, favorendo un uso più razionale degli antibiotici.
LA REPORTISTICA PERSONALIZZATA PER I PEDIATRI DI LIBERA SCELTA COME STRUMENTO DI CONTRASTO ALL’ANTIBIOTICO RESISTENZA
PEDROLO, CATERINA
2023/2024
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In Italy, according to the 2025 AIFA Report, the proportion of children up to age 13 with at least one systemic antibiotic prescription increased from 33,7% in 2022 to 40,9% in 2023. In line with the 2022–2025 National Plan to Combat Antimicrobial Resistance (PNCAR) and WHO recommendations, the Local Health Authority implemented a monitoring program for Primary Care Pediatricians (PCPs), aimed at promoting awareness of appropriate antibiotic use. MATERIALS AND METHODS Since 2024, following a dedicated training session, each PCP has been receiving a quarterly individualized report presenting data on antibiotic use among their patients. The reports contain three PNCAR indicators: the ratio of amoxicillin to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid packages, total systemic antibiotic consumption in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day, and the ratio of broad-spectrum to narrow-spectrum antibiotic use. They also include two additional indicators on the prevalence of macrolides and cephalosporins use. For each indicator, comparisons with previous years, the organizational average, and the percentage change relative to 2022 are provided. In accordance with the 2025–2027 Agreement between the Local Health Authority and PCPs, pediatricians are required to record ICD-IX codes for all antibiotic prescriptions. For prescriptions related to acute streptococcal pharyngotonsillitis (FTA-SBEGA) and acute otitis media (OMA), the reports track the proportion of first-line therapies. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Data from January–June 2025, compared with the same period in 2024, show improvement across all indicators. Overall consumption in DDD/1000 inhabitants/day decreased from 15,88 to 9,72; the broad-to-narrow spectrum antibiotic ratio declined from 2,00 to 0,74; the amoxicillin to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid package ratio increased from 1,20 to 3,23. Macrolides and cephalosporins use per patient decreased from 0,131 to 0,044 and from 0,057 to 0,025, respectively. The proportion of prescriptions associated with ICD-IX codes increased from 33% to 68%. Amoxicillin use exceeded the targets in FTA-SBEGA (95%, target 75%) and OMA (79%, target 65%) treatments. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of individualized reports, combined with a training course, proved to be an effective strategy to promote appropriate prescribing and combat antimicrobial resistance, supporting more rational use of antibiotics.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/97176