This thesis deals with a theoretical problem that usually finds little space in the international legal scholarship on peremptory norms, namely that of conflicts between two norms belonging to this restricted group of rules, the characteristics of which are still very much debated. The research question is whether it is theoretically possible for a situation of conflict between cogent norms to arise. To provide a reasoned, the work develops along the following two main prongs. It first examines (in Chapter 1) the concept of conflict of norms in international law, attempting to identify the requirements for its existence and grouping its various definitions in international legal scholarship and, where relevant, in the case law of international courts and tribunals into narrow, moderate, and broad definitions. Particular emphasis is placed on the distinction between potential and actual conflicts and the preference for a moderate definition of conflict. The second part of the paper, on the other hand, looks at the also little-explored topic of the lato sensu modification of jus cogens norms; this in the belief that some of the ambiguities inherent in their analysis have repercussions on the question of the conflict of peremptory norms. Before that, an in-depth discussion is devoted to the general approach of the recent draft conclusions of the International Law Commission on the identification and effects of jus cogens norms and several individual conclusions. At the close of the chapter, which corresponds to the conclusion of the present essay, we return to the research question, to provide a fundamentally negative answer; this is due to the theoretical difficulties that the existence of a conflict between jus cogens norms would engender, as well as to the little weight to be attributed to certain practical examples sometimes provided for by some authors, which can be easily explained and "solved" without having recourse to the notion of conflitct of norms.
La tesi affronta un problema teorico che trova usualmente poco spazio nelle trattazioni del diritto internazionale cogente, cioè quello dei conflitti tra due norme appartenenti a tale ristretto gruppo dello jus cogens, le cui caratteristiche sono assai discusse in dottrina. La domanda che guida la ricerca è se sia possibile, dal punto di vista teorico, che si venga a verificare una situazione di conflitto tra norme cogenti. Per rispondere, il lavoro segue due linee direttrici. Si esamina dapprima (nel capitolo 1) il concetto di conflitto fra norme nel diritto internazionale, cercando di individuare i requisiti per la sua esistenza e raggruppando le varie definizioni che ne sono state fornite in dottrina ed eventualmente nella giurisprudenza internazionale in definizioni ristrette, moderate e allargate. Particolare enfasi viene posta sulla distinzione tra conflitti potenziali e conflitti veri e propri e sulla preferenza per una definizione moderata di conflitto. La seconda parte dell'elaborato guarda invece al tema, anch'esso poco esplorato, delle vicende modificative delle norme di jus cogens; questo nella convinzione che alcune delle ambiguità insite nella loro analisi si ripercuotano sulla questione del conflitto fra le norme cogenti. Prima di ciò, un approfondimento è dedicato all'impostazione generale del recente progetto di conclusioni della Commissione del diritto internazionale relativo alle norme cogenti e ad alcune singole conclusioni. In chiusura del capitolo, che corrisponde alla conclusione del lavoro, si ritorna alla domanda di ricerca, per fornire una risposta fondamentalmente negativa; questo sia alla luce delle difficoltà teoriche che l'esistenza di un conflitto tra norme cogenti ingenererebbe, sia in virtù della scarsa valenza da attribuire ad alcuni esempi pratici talvolta forniti dalla dottrina, facilmente spiegabili senza fare ricorso alla nozione di conflitto fra norme.
Sulla possibilità di conflitto fra norme di diritto internazionale cogente e sulle relative tecniche di risoluzione
PEROT, EZECHIELE
2023/2024
Abstract
This thesis deals with a theoretical problem that usually finds little space in the international legal scholarship on peremptory norms, namely that of conflicts between two norms belonging to this restricted group of rules, the characteristics of which are still very much debated. The research question is whether it is theoretically possible for a situation of conflict between cogent norms to arise. To provide a reasoned, the work develops along the following two main prongs. It first examines (in Chapter 1) the concept of conflict of norms in international law, attempting to identify the requirements for its existence and grouping its various definitions in international legal scholarship and, where relevant, in the case law of international courts and tribunals into narrow, moderate, and broad definitions. Particular emphasis is placed on the distinction between potential and actual conflicts and the preference for a moderate definition of conflict. The second part of the paper, on the other hand, looks at the also little-explored topic of the lato sensu modification of jus cogens norms; this in the belief that some of the ambiguities inherent in their analysis have repercussions on the question of the conflict of peremptory norms. Before that, an in-depth discussion is devoted to the general approach of the recent draft conclusions of the International Law Commission on the identification and effects of jus cogens norms and several individual conclusions. At the close of the chapter, which corresponds to the conclusion of the present essay, we return to the research question, to provide a fundamentally negative answer; this is due to the theoretical difficulties that the existence of a conflict between jus cogens norms would engender, as well as to the little weight to be attributed to certain practical examples sometimes provided for by some authors, which can be easily explained and "solved" without having recourse to the notion of conflitct of norms.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/98293