"The Responsibility of the Brazilian State for Human Rights Violations: The Case of the Workers of the Santo Antônio de Jesus Fireworks Factory in an Analysis on Structural Discrimination and Public Policies Necessary for Social Inclusion."

This thesis explores the responsibility of the Brazilian State for human rights violations concerning the tragedy at the Santo Antônio de Jesus fireworks factory, focusing on structural discrimination and necessary public policies for social inclusion. The incident, which occurred in December 1998, exposed severe deficiencies in state enforcement of labor laws and the protection of workers, most of whom were black women. By examining the working conditions leading to the explosion and the socio-economic context, this research highlights the role of structural racism in perpetuating precarious work environments. Drawing on theories of structural racism, human rights, penal and labor rights, as well as legal frameworks from both national and international perspectives, the thesis analyzes the Brazilian State's omissions. The study utilizes official reports, survivor testimonies, and court documents to demonstrate how the failure of regulatory systems contributed to the disaster and ongoing worker exploitation in high-risk sectors like fireworks production. Furthermore, it offers recommendations for public policies aimed at improving labor conditions and reducing racial disparities. The findings underscore the need for comprehensive labor inspections, stricter enforcement of safety regulations, and public policies promoting social inclusion and equality. The research advocates for the recognition of structural racism as a significant factor in labor rights violations, proposing reforms to ensure safer working conditions and equitable treatment for marginalized communities.