The thesis analyzes the system of passenger protection in air transport, with particular reference to European Union and national legislation. The European regulatory framework is examined in depth, focusing on Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004, Regulation (EC) No. 1107/2006, and international sources such as the Montreal Convention. The aim is to explore the main rights granted to passengers — from reimbursement and compensation in cases of cancellation or delay, to the protection of passengers with disabilities and the management of baggage-related disruptions. An important role in ensuring and developing these rights has been played by both the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Italian Court of Cassation, which have been key in expanding passenger protections, as demonstrated by the landmark Sturgeon judgment and subsequent case law. The research also includes an analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which at times challenged the balance between passengers’ rights and the economic sustainability of the air transport sector. It examines the emergency measures adopted (such as replacement vouchers and regulatory exemptions), the reactions of European institutions (including guidelines and infringement procedures), and the decisions of the Italian Competition Authority (AGCM) through selected case studies. In conclusion, through the examination of concrete cases and recurring issues, the thesis offers reflections on the future development of legislation, aiming toward greater enforcement of passenger protections even in exceptional circumstances. The work seeks to contribute to the broader debate on how to strengthen the paradigm of passenger protection by combining legal certainty with accessibility and sustainability in air transport.
La tesi analizza il sistema di tutela dei passeggeri nel trasporto aereo, con particolare riferimento alla disciplina comunitaria e nazionale. Viene approfondito il quadro normativo europeo con il Regolamento (CE) n. 261/2004, il Regolamento (CE) n. 1107/2006 e le fonti internazionali come la Convenzione di Montreal. Lo scopo è quello di approfondire i principali diritti riconosciuti al viaggiatore: dal rimborso e compensazione in caso di cancellazione o ritardo, per arrivare poi alla protezione dei passeggeri con disabilità e alla gestione dei disservizi legati ai bagagli. Un ruolo importante nella garanzia e sviluppo dei diritti è ricoperto sia della Corte di Giustizia dell’Unione Europea sia della Corte di Cassazione che hanno svolto un ruolo chiave nell’estensione delle tutele, come dimostrato dalla celebre sentenza Sturgeon e dalle successive pronunce. Il lavoro include inoltre un’analisi dell’impatto della pandemia da COVID-19 che ha messo a tratti in crisi l’equilibrio tra diritti dei passeggeri e sostenibilità economica del settore aereo. Vengono esaminate le misure emergenziali adottate (voucher sostitutivi, deroghe normative), le reazioni delle istituzioni europee (linee guida e procedure d’infrazione) e i provvedimenti dell’AGCM con alcuni casi pratici. In conclusione, attraverso l’esame di casi concreti e criticità ricorrenti, si propongono riflessioni sulle prospettive evolutive della normativa, nella direzione di una maggiore implementazione delle tutele anche in situazioni eccezionali. La tesi punta a contribuire al dibattito su come rafforzare il paradigma della protezione e tutela del passeggero, sommando la certezza giuridica con accessibilità e sostenibilità del trasporto aereo.
La tutela dei passeggeri nel trasporto aereo: evoluzione normativa, applicazione concreta e sviluppi futuri.
RORATO, DANIELE
2024/2025
Abstract
The thesis analyzes the system of passenger protection in air transport, with particular reference to European Union and national legislation. The European regulatory framework is examined in depth, focusing on Regulation (EC) No. 261/2004, Regulation (EC) No. 1107/2006, and international sources such as the Montreal Convention. The aim is to explore the main rights granted to passengers — from reimbursement and compensation in cases of cancellation or delay, to the protection of passengers with disabilities and the management of baggage-related disruptions. An important role in ensuring and developing these rights has been played by both the Court of Justice of the European Union and the Italian Court of Cassation, which have been key in expanding passenger protections, as demonstrated by the landmark Sturgeon judgment and subsequent case law. The research also includes an analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which at times challenged the balance between passengers’ rights and the economic sustainability of the air transport sector. It examines the emergency measures adopted (such as replacement vouchers and regulatory exemptions), the reactions of European institutions (including guidelines and infringement procedures), and the decisions of the Italian Competition Authority (AGCM) through selected case studies. In conclusion, through the examination of concrete cases and recurring issues, the thesis offers reflections on the future development of legislation, aiming toward greater enforcement of passenger protections even in exceptional circumstances. The work seeks to contribute to the broader debate on how to strengthen the paradigm of passenger protection by combining legal certainty with accessibility and sustainability in air transport.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/98762