This thesis explores the development and implementation of an automated system based on a collaborative robot (cobot) to service an industrial molding line. The project stems from the need to streamline the production process, improve operator ergonomics, and promote effective human-machine collaboration. Specifically, it is hypothesized that integrating cobots into molding processes can reduce cycle times, increase operational flexibility, and reduce ergonomic risks, addressing the growing need to automate repetitive and potentially dangerous tasks without sacrificing the adaptive intelligence of human intervention. The developed application is dedicated to the extraction, handling, and stacking of plates from a hydraulic press. The goal is to create a system capable of operating in close collaboration with the operator, sharing the workspace, and dynamically adapting to process variations. The project is based on the principles of collaborative robotics, Industry 4.0, and production systems engineering, drawing on academic sources, scientific articles, and technical standards, including ISO/TS 15066 on functional safety. The methodology adopted is experimental: after a requirements analysis and design phase, a functional prototype was built and tested initially in a simulated environment and subsequently in a real production context. The system's effectiveness was evaluated using quantitative data (cycle times, productivity, product quality) and qualitative data (operator feedback, ease of interaction, ergonomic benefits). The results confirm the effectiveness of the collaborative approach: the system demonstrated a significant increase in operational efficiency, thanks in part to the possibility of use during night shifts, an improvement in operator perception of safety, and a significant ability to adapt to production variations, with a reduced need for corrective interventions. These results suggest that cobot integration represents a strategic lever for innovation in molding processes. Looking ahead, the company intends to further evolve the system by combining artificial vision systems, integrating with MES platforms, and adopting automatic modular grippers capable of dynamically adapting to the different plate models being processed, paving the way for increasingly intelligent and flexible solutions.
Questa tesi esplora lo sviluppo e l’implementazione di un sistema automatico basato su robot collaborativo (cobot) per l’asservimento di una linea di stampaggio industriale. Il progetto nasce dall’esigenza di rendere più efficiente il processo produttivo, migliorare l’ergonomia degli operatori e promuovere una sinergia efficace tra uomo e macchina. In particolare, si è ipotizzato che l’integrazione di cobot nei processi di stampaggio possa ridurre i tempi ciclo, aumentare la flessibilità operativa e diminuire i rischi ergonomici, rispondendo alla crescente necessità di automatizzare compiti ripetitivi e potenzialmente pericolosi, senza rinunciare all’intelligenza adattiva dell’intervento umano. L’applicazione sviluppata è dedicata all’estrazione, manipolazione e impilaggio di piastre da una pressa idraulica, con l’obiettivo di creare un sistema capace di operare in stretta collaborazione con l’operatore, condividendo lo spazio di lavoro e adattandosi dinamicamente alle variazioni del processo. Il progetto si fonda sui principi della robotica collaborativa, dell’Industria 4.0 e dell’ingegneria dei sistemi produttivi, avvalendosi di fonti accademiche, articoli scientifici e normative tecniche, tra cui la ISO/TS 15066 sulla sicurezza funzionale. La metodologia adottata è di tipo sperimentale: dopo una fase di analisi dei requisiti e progettazione, è stato realizzato un prototipo funzionale, testato inizialmente in ambiente simulato e successivamente in un contesto produttivo reale. L’efficacia del sistema è stata valutata attraverso dati quantitativi (tempi ciclo, produttività, qualità del prodotto) e qualitativi (feedback degli operatori, facilità d’interazione, benefici ergonomici). I risultati confermano l’efficacia dell’approccio collaborativo: il sistema ha mostrato un significativo incremento dell’efficienza operativa, anche grazie alla possibilità di impiego durante il turno notturno, un miglioramento nella sicurezza percepita dagli operatori e una notevole capacità di adattamento alle variazioni produttive, con una ridotta necessità di interventi correttivi. Questi risultati suggeriscono che l’integrazione dei cobot rappresenta una leva strategica per l’innovazione nei processi di stampaggio. In prospettiva, si manifesta la volontà di evolvere ulteriormente il sistema attraverso l’associazione di sistemi di visione artificiale, l’integrazione con piattaforme MES e l’adozione di pinze modulari automatiche, in grado di adattarsi dinamicamente ai diversi modelli di piastre trattati, aprendo la strada a soluzioni sempre più intelligenti e flessibili.
Progettazione e programmazione di un’applicazione robotica collaborativa per l’asservimento di una linea di stampaggio automatica
TASCA, FILIPPO
2024/2025
Abstract
This thesis explores the development and implementation of an automated system based on a collaborative robot (cobot) to service an industrial molding line. The project stems from the need to streamline the production process, improve operator ergonomics, and promote effective human-machine collaboration. Specifically, it is hypothesized that integrating cobots into molding processes can reduce cycle times, increase operational flexibility, and reduce ergonomic risks, addressing the growing need to automate repetitive and potentially dangerous tasks without sacrificing the adaptive intelligence of human intervention. The developed application is dedicated to the extraction, handling, and stacking of plates from a hydraulic press. The goal is to create a system capable of operating in close collaboration with the operator, sharing the workspace, and dynamically adapting to process variations. The project is based on the principles of collaborative robotics, Industry 4.0, and production systems engineering, drawing on academic sources, scientific articles, and technical standards, including ISO/TS 15066 on functional safety. The methodology adopted is experimental: after a requirements analysis and design phase, a functional prototype was built and tested initially in a simulated environment and subsequently in a real production context. The system's effectiveness was evaluated using quantitative data (cycle times, productivity, product quality) and qualitative data (operator feedback, ease of interaction, ergonomic benefits). The results confirm the effectiveness of the collaborative approach: the system demonstrated a significant increase in operational efficiency, thanks in part to the possibility of use during night shifts, an improvement in operator perception of safety, and a significant ability to adapt to production variations, with a reduced need for corrective interventions. These results suggest that cobot integration represents a strategic lever for innovation in molding processes. Looking ahead, the company intends to further evolve the system by combining artificial vision systems, integrating with MES platforms, and adopting automatic modular grippers capable of dynamically adapting to the different plate models being processed, paving the way for increasingly intelligent and flexible solutions.| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12608/99748